薄荷属4种栽培植物的组织形态

薄荷是常用的辛凉解表药,也是广泛用于食品和烟草工业的香料。它的油和脑具很高的经济价值。本文报道国产4种薄荷的形态及解剖研究。对4种薄荷分别进行了性状描写,叶、茎的解剖构造和粉末特征以及花粉粒、小坚果、非腺毛和气孔的电镜扫描观察比较,为薄荷的鉴定和生产提供科学依据。

STUDIES ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY OF FOUR CULTIVATED SPECIES OF MENTHA

Bo He is one of the most popular Chinese traditional drugs.It is also used as flavouring in food and tobacco industries.Both mint oil and menthol are of very high economic value.In this paper,comparative studies on morphology and anatomy of Mentha piperita,Linn.,M.haplocalyx Briq.,M.pulegium Linn,and M.aquatica Linn,are reported,as well as primary electron miorosoopio scanning studies on their pollen grains,nutlets and leaf trichomes and stomata.It is taxonomically interesting that the leaves and stems of these four species show similar histologioal characters except for a few differences in density and length of trichomes,vein-islet number and stomatal index,etc.The characters of nonglandular hairs,the surface protuberances of pollen grains and nutlets and the presence of stone cell can be used to identify the 4 oultivated mints.