前后手术入路治疗胸腰段爆裂骨折的临床对比研究

目的通过经前路、后路手术治疗胸腰段爆裂骨折的临床疗效,为术式选择提供依据。方法回顾分析2005年7月—2010年7月收治的82例手术治疗的胸腰段爆裂骨折患者的临床和影像学资料,其中前入路手术42例,后入路手术40例。通过X线、CT片评估伤椎Cobb角的矫正和丢失、椎管减压范围及植骨融合情况,ASIA分级评价神经功能,并观察手术并发症。结果术后创口均一期愈合,未出现神经损伤症状加重等严重并发症。前路较后路手术组时间长、出血量多,椎管清除率及植骨融合率均高;前入路组较后入路组椎体压缩及后凸畸形程度重,二组后凸Cobb角矫正度差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,丢失度上差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;二组脊髓神经功能恢复差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论前路和后路手术治疗胸腰段爆裂骨折的临床疗效差异无统计学意义;二者各有优缺点,应根据骨折类型、伤椎椎体压缩程度、椎管内骨性占位程度以及是否伴有脊柱后柱结构不稳或骨折脱位来合理选择手术方式。

CLINICAL RESEARCH OF ANTERIOR OR POSTERIOR APPROACH SURGERY FOR THE TREATMENT OF THORACOLUMBAR BURST FRACTURES

Objective To analyze the efficacy of anterior or posterior surgical treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture,and to provide the basis for pre-selection of operation.Methods A retrospective study was adopted,the data of surgical treatment of 82 cases with thoracolumbar burst fracture came from the clinical and radiographic results from July 2005 to July 2010.42 cases of them passed through anterior surgical treatment,other 40 cases with posterior surgical treatment.X-ray and CT was used for evaluation of th...