经济较发达农村地区结核病接触行为和调查模式定性研究

目的描述经济较发达农村地区结核病接触行为,探索接触者调查的可行性和管理模式。方法以实施接触者调查的结核病控制项目县(德清县)的医务和防疫人员为对象进行小组访谈,以德清县结核病患者及接触者和江苏结核病控制项目县(灌云县)的结核病患者为对象进行个人深入访谈。结果访谈对象对家庭内的接触风险有正确认识,但对工作单位和娱乐场所的接触传播风险没有正确认识,对传播途径认识正确程度较高,多来自医生宣教或电视,家庭内采取了预防接触传播的措施。娱乐场所和流动人口接触者管理是接触者管理的两大难点。结论在经济较为发达的农村地区,接触者调查可行,其中娱乐场所和流动人口的接触者管理是管理难点,需要全社会的关注、法律法规的完善和进一步有效的健康教育。应重点关注涂阳病人。

A qualitative study on contact behavior and contact investigation model on tuberculosis in richer rural areas

Objective To describe behavior of contact between TB patients and their contacts in family,work place or school and entertainment place.Methods An in-depth individual interview study of TB patients and contacts was conducted in Deqing County and Guanyun County.Four focus group discussion(FGD)composed of village health workers was conducted in Deqing County where contact investigation(CI)was implemented.Results Content analysis showed that transmission approach and danger of transmission within family could be recognized by subjects,where appropriate prevention measures were adopted.The knowledge of transmission approach and prevention were mainly from doctors and television.FGDs study showed unconscious transmission danger from entertainment place and incompliance of immigrants were two barriers to CI.Conclusions It is feasible to do for CI in rural areas.Special attention should be paid by the whole society together to entertainment places and immigrant population.And smear positive patients should be treated as pivot population for CI.