民族药绣球藤的生药学鉴别

【目的】建立绣球藤的生药学鉴别方法,为其区别同属其他药用植物提供依据。【方法】采用来源鉴别、性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别及薄层色谱鉴别方法对绣球藤进行生药学研究。【结果】原植物形态主要特征为:直立草本或草质藤本,茎和枝有4~6条锐纵棱,花紫红色,萼片外面有2~4个凸起的翅;显微特征主要为根横切面韧皮部有众多纤维和石细胞;茎横切面皮层各角隅处有2~3列厚角细胞,木质部维管束5~7束;叶横切面主脉维管束双韧型;粉末特征中腺毛棒槌形,头部单细胞,柄有1~2个细胞;花粉粒表面可见颗粒状突起,具三孔沟。薄层色谱中,3个不同产地的药材在相应位置上均显相同颜色斑点,且重现性较好。【结论】所得结果可为绣球藤药材的鉴别、质量标准制订、与混淆品的鉴定及进一步研究和开发利用该药提供理论依据。

Pharmacognosy Identification of Ethnomedicine Clematis ranunculoides Franchet

Objective To establish a pharmacognostic identification method for Clematis ranunculoides Franchet and to provide the basis for distinguishing it from other medicinal plants.Methods Original botany identification,morphological identification,microscopic identification,physical and chemical identification,and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) identification were used to identify Clematis ranunculoides Franchet.Results Original botany characteristics of Clematis ranunculoides Franchet were mainly manifested as erect herbs or herbaceous vines,4-6 longitudinal acutely-angulate ridges in the stems and branches,purple-red flowers,sepals with 2-4 longitudinal wings abaxially.Microscopic characteristics were mainly showed as follows:a large number of fibers and sclereids in the phloem of transverse section of roots,2-3 rows of collenchyma cells in the cortex and 5-7 vascular bundles in the xylem of transverse section of stems;bicollateral vascular bundle in the main veins of transverse section of leaves,glandular hairs hammer shape in the powder,with single cell on the top and 1-2 cells on the stem;granular processes on the surface of tricolporate pollen grains.TLC results showed medicinal materials from 3 different habitats had same colored spot on the corresponding position,being of good repeatability.Conclusion The above results will provide theoretical basis for the identification,establishment of quality standard,identification from adulterants,and further research,development and utilization of medicinal materials from Clematis ranunculoides Franchet.