生物反应器构建组织工程化血管的初步研究

目的探讨生物反应器内构建具有一定力学强度的组织工程化血管的可行性。方法从6月龄毕格犬的颈总动脉、颈外静脉分别获取平滑肌细胞和内皮细胞，体外培养扩增后，将平滑肌细胞接种于聚羟基乙酸（PGA）上形成细胞-材料复合物，置于生物反应器内（搏动频率75次／min；扩张量〈5％）培养3周，接种内皮细胞继续培养1周后取新生血管，进行大体观察、组织学和免疫组化检测。结果生物反应器内培养的组织工程化血管大体观察具有良好的弹性，管腔圆；平滑肌纤维成分排列规则且有层次感；免疫组化染色显示，平滑肌细胞呈棕黄色层状排列，内皮细胞于血管内侧呈单层排列。结论应用生物反应器可构建具有良好弹性的组织工程化血管。

Preliminary Study on Constructing Tissue Engineering Blood Vessels in Bioreactor

Objective To investigate the feasibility of in vitro constructing tissue engineered blood vessels in bioreactor. Methods Cell-PGA(polyglycolic acid) complex was constructed by seeding smooth muscle cells isolated from the canine carotid artery on PGA unwoven fibers.The cell-PGA complex was cultured in a bioreactor(pulse rate 75/min,radical distension<5%).After three weeks in vitro culture,we seeded the endothelial cells isolated from the canine carotid vein and culture for another 1 week.Then engineered tissues were examined both grossly and histologically. Results Grossly,the experimental groups showed a tubular structure with a round lumen and good elasti-(city.) Histological staining revealed smooth muscle fibers layers presented in the engineered vessel wall.The endothelial cells and bands of smooth muscle fibers were detected by immunohistological staining.In contrast,the control group took on poor elasticity and collapsed lumen in gross observation.In addition,its arrangement of smooth muscle fibers were in random and disorganized by histological observation,which was also confirmed by immuno-histological staining. Conclusion Blood vessel with good elasticity can be constructed in a bioreactor using tissue engineering approach.