北京市道路交通事故伤特点分析

目的：分析具有北方地区特点的北京市道路交通伤的特点，为相应地区道路交通伤的防治提供参考。方法：资料源于地处北京市中等交通繁华地区的首都军队急救中心，调查其道路交通伤的发生率、伤员性别特点、年龄分布、职业、事故发生时间、交通方式、创伤严重度计分和死亡情况.结果：本组交通伤多发生于7、8月份，发生于2月者较少。男性机动车(包括摩托车)伤员的构成比明显大于女性，女性非机动车伤员的构成比明显大于男性。伤员年龄愈趋于两极(年龄愈大或愈小)，其行人交通事故致伤方式所占比例愈高.伤后早期(7d以内)主要死亡原因是脑疝、原发性脑干损伤和休克，伤后晚期(7d以后)主要死亡原因是感染和多脏器功能障碍综合征。结论：在不同地区或不同人群中，道路交通伤的发生具有不同的特点，应该采取不同的防治措施.

Analysis of Characteristics of Road Traffic Trauma in Beijing

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of road traffic trauma in northern China in order to provide the reference for protection and rescue of traffic trauma in relevant regions. Methods:The regional characteristics were investigated including the incidence rate, sex, age, occupation, road-use category, months of accidents, site of injury, injury severity and death of road traffic trauma patients from the Capital Military Trauma First Aid Center which located where it was of medium traffic in Beijing. Results:The road traffic trauma occurred most frequently in July, August and most rarely in February. The proportion of the passengers of motor vehicle (motorcycle) in the male victim was significantly more than that in the female victims. On the contrary, the proportion of the riders of bicycle (tricycle) in the male victim was significantly less than that in the female victims. The older or younger the victim was, the higher the proportion of the pedestrian was in the wounded. The most common causes of death consisted of cerebral hernia, primary brain-stem injury and shock in the early period (within 7 post-traumatic days), and infection and multiple organs dysfunction syndrome happened in the late period (beyond 7 posttraumatic days). Conclusion:There were various characteristics of road traffic trauma in various regions or various human groups. Therefore, various protective measures should be taken accordingly.