Supramolecular solvent (SUPRASs) extraction method for detecting benzodiazepines and zolpidem in human urine and blood using gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of General Dentistry, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;2. Department of Orthodontics, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;3. Department of Oral Radiology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;4. National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China;1. School of Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China;2. Department of Forensic Medical College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China;1. Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8670, Japan;2. Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokoyo 113-0033, Japan;3. Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Werfare, Kozunomori 4-3, Narita City, Chiba 286-8686, Japan;1. Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand;2. Applied Biological Sciences Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand;3. Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;1. Department of Forensic Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland;2. Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveA high-throughput and sensitive method using supramolecular solvent (SUPRASs) for detecting 9 benzodiazepines and zolpidem in human urine and blood by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) was newly established and applied to authentic human urine and blood samples in this study.MethodsUrine and blood samples were subjected to liquid–liquid extractions with supramolecular solvent mixture which consists of tetrahydrofuran and 1-hexanol. The solvent layer was evaporated to dryness by stream of nitrogen. The residue was reconstituted with methanol, and subjected to analysis by GC–MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode; internal standard method was employed for quantifying of each targeted compound.ResultsThe regression equation has a good linear relationship with correlation coefficients for all tested compounds were not lower than 0.9991. The lower limits of the quantification ranged from 0.20 to 5 ng/mL for tested compounds in urine; Meanwhile, the lower limits of the quantification in this method ranged from 1 to 50 ng/mL for tested compounds in blood. These results showed that excellent reproducibility and satisfactory extraction recovery rates could be obtained for the established analytical method for 10 drugs in both blood and urine samples.ConclusionThe established method in this study was high-throughput, simple and sufficiently sensitive for determining of benzodiazepinesand zolpidem in human urine and blood. Therefore, this newly established method could be of use for qualitative and quantitative determination of such drugs in urine and blood samples either for clinical poisoning monitoring or for forensic identification. |
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| Keywords: | Supramolecular solvent Gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry Benzodiazepines Zolpidem Urine Blood |
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