Characterizing the spatial relationship between smoking status and tobacco retail exposure: Implications for policy development and evaluation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC, USA;2. Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Abt Associates, Inc., Baltimore, MD, USA;3. West Chester, PA, USA;4. Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC, USA;5. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC, USA;1. University of California, School of Medicine, 530 Parnassus Avenue, Suite 366, San Francisco, CA 94143-1390, United States;2. Malaria Elimination Initiative, Global Health Group, University of California, San Francisco, Mission Hall, 550 16th St, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States;3. Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, 530 Parnassus Avenue, Suite 366, San Francisco, CA 94143-1390, United States |
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| Abstract: | Tobacco retail density and smoking prevalence remain elevated in marginalized communities, underscoring the need for strategies to address these place-based disparities. The spatial variation of smokers and tobacco retailers is often measured by aggregating them to area-level units (e.g., census tracts), but spatial statistical methods that use point-level data, such as spatial intensity and K-functions, can better describe their geographic patterns. We applied these methods to a case study in New Castle County, DE to characterize the cross-sectional spatial relationship between tobacco retailers and smokers, finding that current smokers experience greater tobacco retail exposure and clustering relative to former smokers. We discuss how analysis at different geographic scales can provide complementary insights for tobacco control policy. |
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| Keywords: | Smoking Tobacco control Spatial analysis Policy Evaluation |
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