Understanding the impact of the installation of outdoor fitness equipment and a multi-sports court on park visitation and park-based physical activity: A natural experiment |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Geelong, Australia;1. Department of Geography, King''s College London, United Kingdom;2. Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King''s College London, United Kingdom;1. Urban Form Lab, University of Washington, 1107 NE 45th Street Suite 535, Seattle, WA 98105, USA;2. School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;3. College of Built Environments Department of Urban Design and Planning, University of Washington, Box 355740, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;4. Seattle Children’s Research Institute, P.O. Box 5371, M/S: CW8-6, Seattle, WA 98145, USA;5. School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Box 356320, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;1. Applied Kinesiology Laboratory, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;2. École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l''activité physique de la Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;3. Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil;1. Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan;2. Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto, 606-8315, Japan;3. Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0012, Japan;4. Center for Preventive Medicine Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba-ken, 260-0856, Japan;5. Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu-shi, Aichi-ken, 474-8511, Japan;1. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California;2. City Parks Alliance, Washington, District of Columbia;3. Trust for Public Land, Washington, District of Columbia;4. School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California;5. Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina- Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionThis natural experiment examined the impact of the installation of outdoor fitness equipment and one multi-sports court in a park located in Melbourne, Australia on park visitation and park-based physical activity compared to a control park. Barriers and facilitators to use of this equipment among adult park visitors were also explored.MethodsPark visitation and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in the two parks were assessed before (T1, 2016) and after the intervention (T2, 2019) using observations of park visitors from children to older adults across four days (7.30am-5.00pm). The relative change in observed counts in visitors from T1-T2 in the intervention park compared to the control park was used to assess the effect of the park refurbishment. Intercept surveys regarding barriers and facilitators were conducted with adult park visitors.ResultsOver the three-year period, total visitor counts increased by 16% and the number of park visitors observed engaging in MVPA increased by 24% in the intervention park. However, there were no significant intervention effects on total visitor counts (IRR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.62, 1.30) or MVPA (IRR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.53, 1.19) relative to the control park. Examples of frequently mentioned facilitators to increase use of the sports court and fitness equipment included having someone to use the facilities with and instructional signage, and common barriers included poor weather and lack of time.ConclusionsThe impact of the park upgrade on visitation and MVPA was not significant. A better understanding of the broader appeal of outdoor fitness equipment and a multi-sports court among different segments of the population is needed. |
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| Keywords: | Park refurbishment Exercise Sport Natural experiment |
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