Evaluating heavy metals contamination in soil and vegetables in the region of North India: Levels,transfer and potential human health risk analysis |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;2. Key Laboratory of Xinjiang General Institutions of Higher Learning for Smart City and Environment Modeling, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;3. Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;4. Institute of Arid Ecology and Environment, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China;5. Xinjiang Engineering Center of Satellite Applications, Urumqi 83000, China;1. Institute of Environment and Development Studies, Bundelkhand University, Kanpur Road, Jhansi 284128, India;2. Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;3. Environment Agency of England, Stepping Stone Walk, Winfrey Avenue, Spalding, Lincolnshire PE11 1DA, United Kingdom;4. Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra 282005, India |
| |
| Abstract: | This study determined the heavy metals (HMs) accumulation in different vegetables in different seasons and attributed a serious health hazard to human adults due to the consumption of such vegetables in Jhansi. The total amounts of zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and cadmium (Cd) were analysed in 28 composite samples of soil and vegetables (Fenugreek, spinach, eggplant, and chilli) collected from seven agricultural fields. The transfer factor (TF) of HMs from soil to analysed vegetables was calculated, and significant non-carcinogenic health risks due to exposure to analysed heavy metals via consumption of these vegetables were computed. The statistical analysis involving Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation matrix suggested that anthropogenic activities were a major source of HMs in the study areas. The target hazard quotient of Cd, Mn, and Pb for fenugreek (2.156, 2.143, and 2.228, respectively) and spinach (3.697, 3.509, 5.539, respectively) exceeded the unity, indicating the high possibilities of non-carcinogenic health risks if regularly consumed by human beings. This study strongly suggests the continuous monitoring of soil, irrigation water, and vegetables to prohibit excessive accumulation in the food chain. |
| |
| Keywords: | Hazard Metals Health risks Risk assessment Risk index Transfer factor |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
