三亚地区黎族孕妇叶酸水平及相关因素调查

目的调查三亚地区黎族孕妇的叶酸水平及其对叶酸的认知度。方法选择三亚地区的325名孕早期的黎族孕妇为观察组,350名孕早期的汉族孕妇为对照组;化学发光法测定研究对象的血清和红细胞叶酸水平,问卷调查分析其对叶酸的认知度。结果观察组的血清和红细胞叶酸水平分别为（12.35±4.2）nmol/L和（265±11.2）nmol/L,均低于对照组（16.25±3.6nmol/L和325±10.4,P〈0.05）。观察组文化程度为初中及以下者占61.8%、高中及中专者占26.2%、大专及以上者占12.0%,对照组分别为52.8%、35.7%和11.4%。观察组月收入在1500元以下者占68.3%,高于对照组（52.3%）,观察组对叶酸的认知度为49.8%～67.7%,低于对照组的61.4%～74.6%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=3.894~9.168,P〈0.05）。结论三亚地区黎族孕妇的叶酸水平低于当地汉族孕妇,这可能与其文化程度、经济收入、以及对叶酸的认知度均较低有关。

Survey of folic acid level and influencing factors among Li nationality pregnant women in Sanya

Objective To investigate blood folic acid level and awareness to folic acid knowledge among Li pregnant women in Sanya. Methods The 325 Li and 350 Han pregnant women in the first trimester were enrolled as observation and control group. Blood samples were collected to determine folic acid level;the awareness of folic acid knowledge among the Li and Han nationality women in both groups were surveyed. Results The serum and erythrocytic folic acid levels in observation group were 12.35 ± 4.2 nmol/L and 265 ± 11.2 nmol/L,lower than those in control group （16.25 ±3.6nmol/L and325 ±10.4 nmol/L,P〈0.05）. The proportion of education level of junior middle school or above, senior middle school or above and graduate in the observation group were 61.8% ,26.2% and 12.0% ,respectively while that of the control were 52.8%,35.7% and 11.4%. The income of 68.3% of those in the observation group was less than RMB1 000 yuan per month, higher than that of the control group （52.3%）. The awareness rate to folic acid knowledge in observation group was 49.8% -67.7% lower than that of the control group （61.4%-74.6%）, showing statistically significant differences（X2=-3.894-9.168, P〈0.05）. Conclusions Folic acid levels of pregnant women in Sanya was lower than Hart nationality and this might be associated with lower education level, income and awareness rate of folic acid knowledge.