信噪比对VOT时长感知阈值的影响研究

目的 探讨不同性别成人在不同的聆听方式上VOT时长感知是否存在差异,分析不同信噪比对VOT时长感知阈值的影响,获取健听成人VOT时长感知的特征.方法选取送气清塞音/t/与核心韵母/a/组合而成的单音节词/ta/,采用“递减法”测试40名健听成人VOT时长感知阈值,并用SPSS 16.0对所得数据进行2×3×5三因素混合实验方差分析.结果 ①健听成人在安静环境中VOT时长感知阈值为72ms;②信噪比的主效应极其显著,其中S/N=0 dB与其他4种信噪比均存在显著差异；③性别和聆听方式主效应不显著,但交互作用显著.结论 ①信噪比对VOT时长感知影响较大,S/N越大,阈值越低；②低信噪比较中,高信噪比对阈值的影响更大；③在进行VOT时长感知时,男性存在右耳优势,女性存在左耳优势.

The Effect of Signal-to-Noise Ratio on the Thresholds for VOT Duration Perception

Objective To find the possible differences in the VOT duration perception among adults in different ways of listening and the differences between males and females ,to analyze the effect of SNR on VOT duration perception and to study the characteristics of VOT duration perception in normal-hearing adults. Methods A monosyllabic word /ta/ combining the unvoiced stop consonant / t / with the vowel / a / was selected to test the threshold of VOT duration perception of 40 normal-hearing adults by successive subtraction of the signal duration. The experimental data were analyzed with SPSS16.0 in 2 × 3 × 5 three-factor mixed analysis. Results ①The threshold for VOT duration perception of normal-hearing adults was 72 ms in quiet environment; ②The main effect of SNR was significant, and there were significant differences between SIN=0 dB and the other four SNR conditions respectively; ③The gender and different ways of listening showed no significant effects on the rOT duration perception, while their interaction was significant. Conclusion ①The SNR can enormously affect the VOT duration perception in that the larger the SNR is, the lower the threshold; ②The influence of low SNR on the VOT duration perception is greater than the medium and high SNR ; ③There is a right ear dominance in male subjects and a left ear dominance in female subjects in VOT duration perception.