先天性泌尿生殖系统结构畸形危险因素的研究

目的：探讨有关因素在先天性泌尿生系统结构畸形发病中的作用。方法：采用成组匹配的病列对照研究方法。对95例患先天性泌尿生殖系统 的围产儿和160例对照围产儿及其父母的情况进行调查。采用非条件logistic回归模型进行多因素分析，计算OR值及OR的95％可信限。结果：先天性泌尿生殖系统结构畸形多发生于男性围产儿（性别成比为74．7％，X^2＝74．863，P＝0．001），多元逐步回归分析表明：母亲孕早、中期感冒（OR＝7．034，95％CI＝3．488－14．187）、低出生体重（OR＝4．075，95％CI＝1．774－9．362）、孕次≥2（OR＝3．133，95％CI＝1．514－6．483）及母亲孕前职业性接触有害化学物质（OR＝10．496，95％CI＝1．053－104．651）为先天性泌尿生殖系统结构畸形的危险因素，结论：胎儿男性别，母亲孕早、中期感冒、低出生体重，母亲孕次≥2及孕前职业性接触有害化学物质与胎儿发生先天性泌尿生系统畸形有关联。

A study on the risk factors of congenital urogenital malformations

OBJECTIVE: To explore risk factors for congenital urogenital malformations. METHODS: A hospital-based category matching case-control study was performed to investigate the characteristics of 95 cases with congenital urogenital malformations and 160 controls. Parents were interviewed for their characteristics before and during conception. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used for single factor and multivariate analysis to estimate odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: There were 71 male infants in the overall congenital urogenital malformations (Ratio = 74.4%, Chi(2) = 74.863, P = 0.001) identified. Statistically significant associations were calculated for the pregnant women suffering from cold during first and/or second trimester (OR = 7.034, 95% CI = 3.488 - 14.187), for a low birthweight delivery (OR = 4.075, 95% CI = 1.774 - 9.362), for maternal times of pregnancy >/= 2 (OR = 3.133, 95% CI = 1.514 - 6.483) and exposure to occupational detrimental chemicals before pregnancy (OR = 10.496, 95% CI = 1.053 - 104.651). CONCLUSIONS: The risk factors of congenital urogenital malformations were suffering from cold during first and/or second trimester, male infants, low birthweight delivery, times of pregnancy >/= 2 and exposure to occupational detrimental chemicals before pregnancy.