南京市1941名铬作业工人健康调查报告

本文对南京市接触铬及其化合物的工人1941名进行健康普查,以电镀业工人最多,占74.55%,化工业次之,占9.58%。铬化合物对人体危害的主要表现在鼻部,可致鼻中隔糜烂、溃疡、穿孔。本组共检出鼻中隔糜烂204例、溃疡15例及穿孔11例,分别占10.51%、0.77%及0.57%。鼻部病变发生率与车间内空气铬浓度有明显关系,即超过国家标准的厂明显高于不超标的厂。鼻部病变发生率也有随工龄增长而增高的趋势。因此,改善劳动防护设备,定期健康检查,是降低发病的重要措施。

Health survey on 1941 Cr-operating workers in Nanjing City.

A health survey was held among 1941 workers in Nanjing having contacte chromium and its compound. 74.5% of the workers was from the electroplate industry, and 9.58% from chemical industry. The health hazard of the chromium compounds was mainly manifested in nose, eliciting fester, ulcer, perforation of nasal septum. In this survey, 204 cases with fester, 15 cases with ulcer, and 11 cases with perforation were found, up to 10.51%, 0.77% and 0.57% of the total respectively. It showed a remarkable relationship between the prevalence of nasal changes and the concentration of chromium in workshop air.Those factories with air concentration of chromium above the standard level appeared to have higher morbidity than that with under level. It also showed the tendency that longer the working year, higher the morbidity would be. Therefore, it indicates that the important measures to decrease morbidity are to improve labouring protective facilities and to carry on periodical health examination.