年龄相关性白内障患者术前的散光特征及相关因素分析

目的：了解术前老年性白内障患者的散光特征，并与年龄、眼轴、角膜中央厚度等相关因素进行分析。方法收集2013年10月至2014年10月期间被诊断为老年性白内障的患者498例（眼），观察角膜散光情况，对年龄、眼轴、角膜中央厚度、角膜曲率等因素与角膜散光的关系进行分析。结果选取对象年龄为（72.19±9.98）岁，角膜散光值（1.13±0.84）D，顺规性散光152眼（30.52%），逆规性散光249眼（50%），斜轴散光97眼（19.48%）；年龄增长跟眼轴变化呈现正相关。结论在年龄相关性白内障患者中术前角膜散光患病率较高，主要是轻到中度散光；随着年龄增加，逆规性散光比例逐渐增大，眼轴变短，散光度数也有增大趋势，尤其是在＞80岁的患者。年龄较轻的白内障患者近视眼人群比例较高。

Characteristics of preoperative astigmatism and its related factors in patients with age-related cataract

Objective To explore the clinical features of astigmatism in senile cataract patients before operation, and investigate the associated factors, such as age, eye axis, and central corneal thickness. Methods A total of 498 patients diagnosed as senile cataract in our department from October 2013 to October 2014 were recruited in this study. Before operation, their corneal astigmatism was observed, and the correlation of cataract with other factors such as age, eye axis, and central corneal thickness were analyzed. Results The cohort of patients had a mean age of (72.19±9.98) years and a mean corneal astigmatism value of (1.13±0.84)D. There were 152 eyes (30.52%) having the rule astigmatism, 249 eyes (50.00%) the inverse astigmatism, and 97 eyes (19.48%) oblique astigmatism. The age was positively correlated with the changes in ocular axial length. Conclusion In the patients with age-related cataract, the prevalence of preoperative corneal astigmatism is quite high, mainly from mild to moderate astigmatism. With the increasing in age, the proportion of inverse astigmatism is increased gradually, with a tendency of shorter axial length and increased astigmatism, especially in the patients over 80 years old. Young patients with cataract commonly have myopia.