免疫检查点抑制剂在肝细胞癌治疗中的研究进展

肝细胞癌（HCC）是癌症相关死亡的最常见原因之一,大多数HCC患者在癌症晚期被诊断出来。2017年以前,治疗晚期HCC的药物主要是酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,随着免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）的出现,免疫治疗逐渐给此类患者带来新希望。目前,ICIs与其他全身或局部治疗的联合方案已成为治疗晚期HCC最有潜力的策略,其中一些药物已进行大规模临床试验。晚期HCC免疫治疗的主要挑战包括预测性生物标志物的探索、免疫相关不良事件（irAEs）的管理以及发掘更有效的联合方案等。本文旨在对肝细胞癌ICIs单药或联合用药以及其他免疫治疗的最新进展进行综述,并讨论目前研究与临床应用的限制和未来发展方向。

Research Progress on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death, and most patients with HCC are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Before 2017, tyrosine kinase inhibitors were the main drugs for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. With the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), immunotherapy has gradually brought new hope to such patients. At present, the combination of ICIs and other systemic or local treatments has become a potential strategy for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, and some of these combinations have been included in large-scale clinical trials. The main challenges of immunotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma include the exploration of predictive biomarkers, management of immune-related adverse events, and exploration of effective combination regimens. This article provides the latest research progress on the single or combined use of ICIs and other immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and discusses the limitations of current research and clinical application and the future development direction. © 2023, CHINA RESEARCH ON PREVENTION AND TREATMENT. All rights reserved.