2016-2018年北京市丰台区游泳场所水质卫生监测分析

目的了解北京市丰台区游泳场所水质卫生状况,分析卫生风险,为卫生行政部门监管提供数据支持,保护游泳者健康。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,在2016-2018年每年6-8月选取辖区内13家游泳场所作为监测点,依据《公共场所卫生检验方法:第6部分卫生监测技术规范》(GB/T 18204.6-2013)进行布点、采样,依据《游泳场所卫生标准》(GB 9667-1996)进行评价。结果共检测池水样品2373项,合格1733项,合格率为73.03%;三年合格率比较,2018年高于2016年和2017年;影响池水合格率的主要指标为泳池水的温度(29.79%)、游离余氯(40.71%)和尿素含量(44.25%);室外游泳池水质合格率高于室内游泳池(χ^2=22.709,P<0.05);不同类型的游泳场所合格率从低到高分别为社会经营类游泳场所(70.19%)、学校内设游泳场所(72.34%)、宾馆饭店内设游泳场所(78.05%)、水上娱乐为主的游泳场所(80.32%)。结论2018年游泳池水质质量较2016年和2017年有显著提高,但仍存在健康风险;水温、游离余氯和尿素含量是影响合格率的主要卫生指标;卫生行政部门应加强游泳场所的监督和检测工作,防止由此导致的介水传染病的发生,保障游泳者健康;关注新型水质处理方法,从卫生学角度进行评估。

Analysis on water quality monitoring of swimming places in Fengtai district of Beijing,2016-2018

Objective To understand the water quality and the status of water hygiene of swimming places in Fengtai district of Beijing,and analyze the health risks,to provide data support for the supervision of health administrative departments and protect the health of swimmers.Methods Stratified random sampling was used.13 swimming places in Fengtai district were selected as the monitoring points from June to August every year from 2016 to 2018.The sampling location were arranged according to sanitary inspection method in public places Part 6 Technical specifications for sanitary monitoring(GB/T 18204.6-2013).The evaluation was conducted according to Hygienic standards of swimming places(GB 9667-1996).Results A total of 2373 swimming pool water samples were tested,1733 of which were qualified,with a qualified rate of 73.03%.3-years pass rate comparison,2018 higher than 2016 and 2017.The main items that affect the qualified rate of pool water were the temperature of pool water(29.79%),free residual chlorine(40.71%)and urea content(44.25%).The qualified rate of outdoor swimming pool was higher than that of indoor swimming pool(χ^2=22.709,P<0.05).From low to high,the qualified rate of different types of swimming places was ranked as social management swimming plances(70.19%),swimming places in schools(72.34%),swimming places in hotels and restaurants(78.05%),and swimming places dominated by water entertainment(80.32%).Conclusions The water quality of swimming pools in 2018 is significantly improved compared with that in 2016 and 2017,but there are still health risks.The main sanitary indicators affecting the qualified rate were the temperature of pool water,free residual chlorine and urea content.The administrative department of public health shall strengthen the supervision and testing of swimming places,prevent the occurrence of water-borne infectious diseases and ensure the health of swimmers.Pay attention to the new method for water treatment and evaluate them from a hygiene perspective.