Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of diabetes among adults in Namibia and South Africa |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States;2. Center for Advancing Population Science, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States;1. University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI USA;2. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA;3. Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA;1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Room 76-143 CHS, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, 90095 USA;2. Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1731 E 120th St, Los Angeles, CA, 90059 USA;3. John Peter Smith Hospital, 1500 S. Main St, Fort Worth, Texas, 76104 USA;4. St. John''s Medical Center, 2001 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 760, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA;5. Torrance Memorial Medical Center, 23560 Crenshaw Blvd, Suite 102, Torrance, CA 90505 USA;6. Banner Health Medical Center, 7701 W. Aspera Blvd, Suite 102, Glendale, AZ, 85308 USA;1. Department of Medicine, Bronx Care Health System, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA;2. Division of Gastroenterology, Bronx Care Health System, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA;3. Department of Nursing, Bronx Care Health System, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to understand the prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics associated with diabetes among adults in Namibia and South Africa.MethodsData from the Demographic and Health Survey for Namibia (2013) and South Africa (2016) were analyzed. The dependent variable, diabetes, was defined using lab values for blood glucose≥ 126 for Namibia, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5% for South Africa. Logistic regression was used to identify independent correlates of diabetes for each country. Demographic (age, sex, geographic location, number of children), economic (wealth index, education level), and cultural (religion – Namibia, ethnicity – South Africa) factors were added in blocks to the models.ResultsIn Namibia, 4.6% had diabetes based on blood glucose, and 14.6% had diabetes based on HbA1c in South Africa. In Namibia, after adjustment, higher wealth was independently associated with diabetes (OR:1.67; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.50). In South Africa, after adjustment, those who were older (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.07), female (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.52), lived in a rural area (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.96), and Black (OR: 2.27; 95% CI: 1.17, 4.42) or Other (OR: 5.74; 95% CI: 2.50, 13.20) compared to White, had increased odds of diabetes.ConclusionsPrevalence of diabetes is high in South Africa and relatively low in Namibia using reliable laboratory diagnostic indices. Strategies to address the rising burden of non-communicable diseases like diabetes are needed in sub-Saharan Africa. |
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