Impact of modified-release opioid use on clinical outcomes following total hip and knee arthroplasty: a propensity score-matched cohort study |
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| Authors: | S. Liu A. E. Patanwala J. M. Naylor N. Levy R. Knaggs J. A. Stevens B. Bugeja D. Begley K. E. Khor E. Lau R. Allen S. Adie J. Penm |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia;2. Orthopaedic Department, Whitlam Orthopaedic Research Centre, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia;3. Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, West Suffolk Hospital, Bury St. Edmunds, UK;4. School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham and Primary Integrated Community Services, Nottingham, UK;5. School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical Campus, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia;6. Department of Pain Management, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia;7. Department of Pharmacy, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia;8. Pain Management Unit, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia;9. St George and Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia;10. Department of Pharmacy, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NWS, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Modified-release opioids are often prescribed for the management of moderate to severe acute pain following total hip and knee arthroplasty, despite recommendations against their use due to increasing concerns regarding harm. The primary objective of this multicentre study was to examine the impact of modified-release opioid use on the incidence of opioid-related adverse events compared with immediate-release opioid use, among adult inpatients following total hip or knee arthroplasty. Data for total hip and knee arthroplasty inpatients receiving an opioid analgesic for postoperative analgesia during hospitalisation were collected from electronic medical records of three tertiary metropolitan hospitals in Australia. The primary outcome was the incidence of opioid-related adverse events during hospital admission. Patients who received modified with or without immediate-release opioids were matched to those receiving immediate-release opioids only (1:1) using nearest neighbour propensity score matching with patient and clinical characteristics as covariates. This included total opioid dose received. In the matched cohorts, patients given modified-release opioids (n = 347) experienced a higher incidence of opioid-related adverse events overall, compared with those given immediate-release opioids only (20.5%, 71/347 vs. 12.7%, 44/347; difference in proportions 7.8% [95%CI 2.3–13.3%]). Modified-release opioid use was associated with an increased risk of harm when used for acute pain during hospitalisation after total hip or knee arthroplasty. |
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| Keywords: | adverse events modified-release opioids total hip arthroplasty total knee arthroplasty |
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