Using conceptual work products of health care to design health IT |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Human Centered Design & Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Washington, Campus Box 352315, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;2. School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas-Houston, 7000 Fannin St Suite 600, Houston, TX 77030, USA;3. School of Nursing, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;4. School of Public Health, University of Washington, Box 357230, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;5. Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108-1532, USA |
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Abstract: | This paper introduces a new, model-based design method for interactive health information technology (IT) systems. This method extends workflow models with models of conceptual work products. When the health care work being modeled is substantially cognitive, tacit, and complex in nature, graphical workflow models can become too complex to be useful to designers. Conceptual models complement and simplify workflows by providing an explicit specification for the information product they must produce. We illustrate how conceptual work products can be modeled using standard software modeling language, which allows them to provide fundamental requirements for what the workflow must accomplish and the information that a new system should provide. Developers can use these specifications to envision how health IT could enable an effective cognitive strategy as a workflow with precise information requirements. We illustrate the new method with a study conducted in an outpatient multiple sclerosis (MS) clinic. This study shows specifically how the different phases of the method can be carried out, how the method allows for iteration across phases, and how the method generated a health IT design for case management of MS that is efficient and easy to use. |
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Keywords: | Model-based design Health IT Electronic health record Workflow Conceptual work products Case management Information architecture User interface Human–computer interaction |
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