双胎体重差异与新生儿疾病

目的：探讨双胎出生体重差异大小与新生儿疾病关系。方法回顾性分析我院分娩的双胎61对，将分娩后两新生儿按体重差异分组，比较不同体重差异对新生儿疾病发生率的影响及高危因素。结果不同体重差异在新生儿贫血（χ2＝35.43）、高胆红素血症（χ2＝31.22）、新生儿低蛋白血症（χ2＝49.34）、新生儿败血症（χ2＝21.56）、新生儿颅内出血（χ2＝28.78）、新生儿肺炎（χ2＝33.38）、新生儿呼吸暂停（χ2＝54.34）、新生儿窒息（χ2＝16.28）、新生儿喂养不耐受（χ2＝25.34）、新生儿宫外营养不良（χ2＝36.32）的发生率之间均有显著性差异（P＜0.01）；而新生儿红细胞增多症（χ2＝3.89）和新生儿畸形（χ2＝10.21）的发生率均无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。母亲高龄（χ2＝12.34）、早产儿（χ2＝23.56）、单卵双胎（χ2＝18.80）、妊娠期糖尿病（χ2＝17.38）和妊娠期高血压（χ2＝22.21）均为双胎体重差异增加高危因素（P＜0.01）。结论双胎体重差异对新生儿期相关疾病的发病率具有一定影响，高龄、早产儿、单卵双胎、体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）、妊娠期糖尿病和妊娠期高血压均为体重差异高危因素。

The birth weight differences and neonatal diseases in the twins

Objective To investigate the relationship between the birth weight （BW） differences and the incidence of neonatal diseases in the twins. Methods To analysis 61 pairs of twins born in Beijing Obestrtrics ang Gynecology Hospital, and compare the incidence of neonatal diseases with the twins weight differences. Results The twins birthweight discordance and neonatal diseases were：χ2anemia=35.43,χ2hyperbilirubinemia=31.22,χ2neonatal serum protein=49.34, χ2newborns sepsis=21.56, χ2neonatal intracranial hemor hage=28.78, χ2poor neonatal pneumonia=33.38,χ2neonatal apnea=54.34,χ2neonatal apnea=16.28,χ2poor neonatal feeding intolerance=25.34,χ2neonatal malnutrition=36.32, all P〈0.01;whileχ2neonatal polycythemia=3.89,χ2neonatal malformations=10.21, all P〉0. 05. High age, preterm children, monozygotic twins, in vitro fertilization, gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension were risk factors for birthweight differences, respectively χ2high age=12.34, χ2preterm children=23.56, χ2monozygotic tires=18.80, χ2gestational diabetes=17.38,χ2gestational hypertension=22.21, all P〈0.01. Conclusion The difference in weight of the newborn twins has a certain influence on morbidity, age, preterm children, monozygotic twins, in vitro fertilization, gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension are risk factors for body birthweight differences.