2006—2015年天津市职业性噪声聋流行趋势及影响因素

目的分析2006—2015年天津市职业性噪声聋的流行趋势及影响因素,为制定职业性噪声聋预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统2006—2015年天津市职业性噪声聋病例,对基本情况、职业史、企业性质以及行业分布等信息进行统计分析。结果天津市2006—2015年共报告职业性噪声聋70例,呈现整体上升趋势(P<0.05)。职业性噪声聋主要为男性病例,工种主要为操作工,年龄中位数为53岁,工龄中位数为25年;滨海新区报告病例占44.29%,不同性别、工种、地区之间构成存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。报告病例中制造业占92.86%,外商经济占60.00%,中型企业占57.14%,不同行业、经济类型及企业规模之间构成均存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论天津市职业性噪声聋发病呈整体上升态势,应加强重点地区、重点行业以及重点企业的职业病防治工作,有针对性地采取防治措施,保护职业人群健康。

Epidemiological trends and influence factors of occupational noise deafness in Tianjin (2006-2015)

Objective To analyze the epidemiological trends and influence factors of occupational noise deafness in Tianjin from 2006 to 2015,and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control measures of occupational noise deafness.Methods Occupational noise deafness cases were collected in Tianjin from 2006 to 2015 from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System,and the basic information,occupational history,nature of enterprises and industry distribution were statistically analyzed.Results There were 70 cases of occupational noise deafness in Tianjin from 2006 to 2015,showing an overall upward trend (P ＜ 0.05).The cases were predominantly male,and the main type of workers was operators.The median age was 53 years old,and the median length of service was 25 years.The cases reported in Binhai New Area accounted for 44.29％,significant difference existed in gender,type of work and regions (P ＜0.05).92.86％ were manufacturing cases,60.00％ were foreign enterprises,and 57.14％ were medium-sized enterprises.There were significant differences between different industries,different economic types and the scale of the enterprises (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Occupational noise deafness in Tianjin had an overall rising trend.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of occupational disease for the key areas,key industries and key enterprises,andtargeted measures should be taken to protect the health of the vulnerable occupational groups.