长链非编码RNA及其在代谢疾病中研究进展

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNAs,lncRNAs)是20世纪末期被发现的一类具有特定功能的非编码RNA(noncoding RNAs,ncRNAs)。发现初期,lncRNAs被认为是不具有生物学功能。随着microRNA,shRNA,siRNA,tRNA等非编码RNA等陆续发现,其在研究和实际应用中的地位也越来越重要,人们开始把精力投放到非编码RNA的研究。持续深入地研究发现,lncRNAs被作为一类具有特定功能的非编码RNA,在细胞的增殖、分化和机体的发育中发挥着重大作用。人们生活水平的不断提高,包括糖尿病、妊娠期糖尿病、肥胖等在内的多种代谢疾病的发病率也在显著提高,而目前关于lncRNAs在糖尿病、妊娠期糖尿病、肥胖等在内的多种代谢疾病中的研究报道还比较少,全文主要总结了近几年关于lncRNAs相关作用机制的研究及其在一些代谢疾病中的研究进展。

Longnon-coding RNAs andits research progressin metabolic diseases

Long non-coding RNA is a class of non-coding RNA with specific function when were discovered in the late 20th century.To start with,noncodingRNAs(ncRNAs) were considered as non-functional junk.With the discovery of functional and regulatory short chain RNA,which include microRNA,short hairpin RNA(shRNA),small interfering RNA(siRNA) and transfer RNA(tRNA),and scientists have focused on research of ncRNAs.Interestingly,function of ncRNA have been deeply and constantly study,which finds that lncRNAs is a class of ncRNAs with specific function,which it play an important role on a variety of biological processes,including proliferation,differentiation and development.With the people's living level improvement,morbidity of metabolic diseases what include diabetes,obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus rises,significantly.However,research Results and findings of lncRNAs have less in metabolic diseases,and this overview mainly summarizes research progress of lncRNAs in metabolic diseases in recent years.