胸腺内注射脾细胞诱导神经移植的免疫耐受反应

背景：心脏等移植时常采用胸腺内注射脾细胞抑制或减弱移植排斥反应，而在神经移植中很少有报道。 目的：应用大鼠胸腺内注射脾细胞的方法，诱导大鼠同种异体坐骨神经产生特异性免疫耐受。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验，于2007-06/2008-06在哈尔滨医科大学动物实验中心完成。 材料：选用清洁级雄性SD大鼠30只为受体，随机分为自体神经移植组，异体神经移植组，异基因抗原注射组，每组10只。雄性Wistar大鼠20只为供体。 方法：异体神经移植组大鼠在显微镜下，从犁状肌下孔0.5 cm处整齐剪下长约1 cm的坐骨神经，将供体神经桥接于神经缺损处。自体神经移植组神经缺损处进行自体神经移植。异基因抗原注射组在异体神经移植后注入供体异基因抗原。 主要观察指标：移植后2周进行运动神经传导速度、病理学、混合淋巴细胞培养和血清白细胞介素检查。 结果：运动神经传导速度异基因抗原注射组与自体神经移植组无显著差别(P > 0.05)，但明显优于异体神经移植组（P < 0.05）。病理学及透射电镜观察，与运动神经传导速度检测结果一致。混合淋巴细胞培养和白细胞介素水平异基因抗原注射组明显优于异体神经移植组（P < 0.05）。 结论：胸腺内注射异基因抗原可以诱导大鼠对异体坐骨神经移植的免疫耐受。

Immunotolerance reaction for allograft nerve induced by intrathymic injection of spleen cells

BACKGROUND: Intrathymic injection of spleen cells is commonly used to inhibit or reduce rejection in heart transplantation. However, there are few reports regarding its application in nerve transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of intrathymic injection spleen cells in induction of sciatic allograft immunotolerance in rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at the Animal Experiment Center of Harbin Medical University between June 2007 and June 2008. MATERIALS: Thirty male SD rats were selected as recipients, and randomly divided into autograft, allograft and allogenic antigen groups (n=10). In addition, 20 male Wistar rats were selected as donors. METHODS: The biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles were separated and the sciatic nerve was exposed. About 1cm sciatic nerve was cut off under the infrapiriformis foramen. Wistar rat nerve was bridged to nerve defect of SD recipient rat. Nerve autografting was performed in autograft group, and allogenic antigen was injected into allogenic antigen group following nerve allografting. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Two weeks after the surgery, nerve electrophysiology, pathology, interleukin-2 (IL-2), mixed lymphocyte culture and delayed type hypersensitivity were detected. RESULTS: Motor nerve conduction velocity in allogenic antigen group was no significantly different from autograft group (P > 0.05), but was significantly better than allogrft group (P < 0.05). The detections in pathology and electric microscope were consistent with results of motor nerve conduction velocity. The mixed lymphocyte culture and IL-2 level in allogenic antigen group was significantly greater than allograft group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Intrathymic injection of allogenic antigen induces specific sciatic allograft immunotolerance of rats.