胃酸分泌的调节

胃酸分泌是一个动态且复杂的过程，壁细胞H＋-K＋-ATP酶是泌酸的最终和最关键环节。刺激胃酸分泌的主要途径包括旁分泌（肠嗜铬细胞分泌的组胺）、内分泌（G细胞分泌的胃泌素）、神经内分泌（肠神经节后神经纤维分泌的胆碱能），上述因子结合壁细胞膜上相应受体，通过细胞内第二信使（钙离子、cAMP等）激活蛋白激酶．使壁细胞胞浆管状囊泡运载H＋-K＋-ATP酶向壁细胞顶膜移行并最终使酶嵌入壁细胞顶膜，在H＋-K＋-ATP酶的作用下与胞外K＋交换，泵出H＋。本文就壁细胞胃酸分泌相关受体及其信号通路作一概述。

Regulation of Gastric Acid Secretion

Gastric acid secretion is a dynamic and intricate process and in parietal cells H+-K+-ATPase is the last and critical element in this step.The principal stimulants of acid secretion are as follows,paracrine(histamine released by enterochromaffin cells),endocrine(gastrin released by G cells),and neurocrine(acetylcholine released by postganglionic enteric neurons).These agents interact with receptors in parietal cells to activate downstream protein kinases through cyclic adenosine monophosphate and calcium ion,translocating the acid-secreting pump(H+-K+-ATPase) of cytoplasmic tubulovesicle into apical membrane where it pumps H+ outside the cell in exchange of K+ at the expense of a molecule of ATP.This article reviewed the recent advances in study on gastric acid secretion related receptors and signal transduction pathway in parietal cells.