地榆化学成分及药理作用研究进展＊

地榆Sanguisorba officinalis为我国传统中药,是一种具有较高的药用价值和开发潜力的中药资源。迄今为止,已从地榆中分离鉴定出180多种化学成分。其中,鞣质、三萜类和黄酮类化合物为主要的生物活性成分;鞣质类成分可作为地榆药材及其制剂的质量控制指标。体外研究表明,地榆具有止血、抗菌、抗肿瘤、神经保护和降血糖等多种药理活性。在丰富的医疗实践中发现,地榆对于外伤出血、烧烫伤以及白细胞减少症具有显著的临床疗效。然而,地榆发挥药理活性的物质基础及其作用机制,有待进一步研究和论证。本文通过查阅大量文献资料,对近40多年来国内外地榆的化学成分和药理作用进行分析综述,为其进一步药效物质基础研究和开发利用提供参考。

Research Progress on Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Sanguisorba officinalis

Sanguisorba officinalis is a traditional Chinese medicine in China, which has high medicinal value and development potential. So far, more than 180 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from Sanguisorba officinalis. Among them, tannins, triterpenoids and flavonoids are the main bioactive components. Tannins can be used as quality control indexes of Sanguisorba officinalis and its preparations. In vitro studies showed that Sanguisorba officinalis has hemostatic, antibacterial, antitumor, neuroprotective, hypoglycemic activities, etc. In the rich medical practice, it was found that Sanguisorba officinalis had significant clinical effect against traumatic bleeding, burns and leukopenia. However, the material basis and mechanism of Sanguisorba officinalis should be further studied and demonstrated. In this paper, the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Sanguisorba officinalis were analyzed and summarized in recent 40 years, so as to provide references for the further research on the material basis of pharmacodynamics, development and utilization of Sanguisorba officinalis.