2010-2012年成都市农药中毒流行病学分析

目的了解成都市农药中毒流行病学现状,为降低农药中毒发生率的干预措施提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息报告网络平台,选取健康危害因素监测系统职业卫生子系统中成都市2010-2012年农药中毒报告卡进行统计分析。结果 2010-2012年成都市累计上报农药中毒总数4 134例,年均发病率为9.81/10万,死亡321例,病死率7.76%;农药中毒中,非生产性农药中毒占中毒比例的94.29%。女性发病率高于男性（P〈0.05）。农药中毒平均年龄39.56岁,中青年发病率较高。农药中毒发病率从高到低依次为远郊、近郊、城市建成区。杀虫剂、除草剂是引起农药中毒的主要毒物,分别占总中毒例数的49.31%和36.08%。百草枯病死率最高（15.2%）。结论成都市农药中毒情况值得关注,特别是郊县农村、女性、非生产性自服农药中毒情况严重,应积极采取并落实有效的控制措施。

Epidemiological Analysis of Pesticide Poisoning in Chengdu, 2010 - 2012,

Objective To explore the epidemiological status of pesticide poisoning in Chengdu and to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention measures. Methods Data of pesticide poisoning during 2010 - 2012 were collected from health disserve surveillance information system （ a sub - system of China information system for disease control and prevention） and were statistically analyzed. Results From 2010 to 2012, totally 4 134 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported, with an average annual incidence of 9.81/10 s ; altogether 321 ca- ses died, with a fatality rate of 7.76%. A percentage of 94.29% of the cases were non - productive pesticide poisoning. The incidence of female was significantly higher than male （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The average age of the ca- ses was 39.56, mainly distributing in 25 -45 old patients. The incideiaee decreased from outer suburban dis- trict to suburb and to inner urban area. The pesticide and herbicide were the main poisons causing poisoning, with a proportion of 49.31% and 36.08% , respectively. The fatality rate of paraquat poisoning was the high- est （ 15.2% ）. Conclusion Pesticide poisoning in Chengdu should be paid close attention to, especially casesoccurred in rural county, female ones and non- productive self- suicide. Thus, effective prevention measures and treatments should be taken and implemen- ted immediately.