输液诱导建立肺泡型高原肺水肿动物模型

目的探讨在高原环境下建立高原肺水肿（HAPE）动物模型的方法。方法将大白兔随机分为对照组（N）、地塞米松组（D）、普萘洛尔组（P）、睡眠干扰组（G）,在海拔3700 m高原冬季环境下,给动物以13.3 ml/min速度输37℃生理盐水200 ml,20 min后再输200 ml,共输400 ml。试验中观察动物血压、中心静脉压、呼吸、心率等情况。结果 G组3只发生HAPE,P组2只,而N组和D组没有发生;G组的肺含水量比N组明显增高（P〈0.01）,P、D组肺含水量比N组减少,但差异无统计学意义。结论在高原现场,通过输液诱导方式,在药物影响肺重吸收功能和睡眠干扰情况下,复制出了肺泡型HAPE模型。

Normal saline infusion combined with dexamethasone intravenous injection or sleep interference at 3700 m altitude:a new method for rabbit model of alveolar high altitude pulmonary edema

Objective To explore a new method for establishing the rabbit model of alveolar high altitude pulmonary edema（AHAPE） in a high altitude environment.Methods 36 rabbits were carried from Chongqing to Lhasa（3700 m above sea level） in winter.They were randomly divided into four groups： normal control group（group N）,dexamethasone group（group D）,propranolol group（group P）,sleep interference group（group G）.All animals were transfused with 200 ml of 37 ℃ normal saline at a speed of 13.3 ml/min.20 min later,200 ml of the same saline were transfused again,and the total amount of transfusion was 400 ml.In addition,group D was injected with dexamethasone at 2 mg/kg daily;group P was intragastrically administered with propranolol at 2.5 mg/kg daily;group G was given alarum three times and illumination at night;group N was routinely fed without sleep interference or drug administration.Blood pressure,central venous pressure,respiratory and heart rate were monitored during the experiment.Results AHAPE occurred in 3 rabbits in group G and 2 rabbits in group P,while no HAPE case was found in group N and D.Pulmonary water content（PWC） in group G was much higher than that in group N（P0.01）.Compared with group N,group P and D showed a slight decrease in PWC but the differences were not statistically different.Conclusion An AHAPE model is successfully duplicated at 3700 m high altitude by normal saline transfusion combined with sleep interference or with propranolol which can influence pulmonary water reabsorption.