从汶川和芦山地震救治分析大型综合医院ICU在灾害护理中的作用

目的 总结2008年汶川地震和2013年芦山地震发生后ICU伤员救治的护理经验和模式,探讨ICU在灾害护理中的作用.方法 回顾性分析汶川地震和芦山地震发生后华西医院ICU收治的地震伤员资料、救护经验和模式,并以汶川地震为例阐述在重大灾害发生时大型综合性医院ICU如何快速扩展大规模紧急重症护理能力,优化护理资源的利用.结果 汶川地震期间华西医院ICU共收治危重地震伤患者142例,死亡率9.86％（14/142）,芦山地震期间收治74例,死亡率0％.有效救治空间和护理人力资源得到了较好的拓展和分配.结论 ICU在灾害救援中发挥着重要作用,灾害护理已经成为重症护理新的领域和组成部分,ICU护士灾害护理知识和技能还需要在演练和实践中不断提高.

Role of ICU in a large general hospital in disaster nursing from the point of Wenchuan and Lushan earthquake rescue

Objective To summarize the nursing experience and mode of ICU rescue after the 2008 Wenchuan and 2013 Lushan earthquake,and to explore the role of ICU in disaster nursing.Methods The data from the wounded,the rescuing experience and mode were retrospectively analyzed after Wenchuan and Lushan earthquake in our hospital.Taking Wenchuan earthquake as an example,to explore how to expand the massive emergency critical care ability and optimize medical resources in the ICU in a large general hospital in disaster nursing.Results One hundred and forty-two wounded were rescued in the ICU of our hospital during the Wenchuan earthquake,and the mortality rate was 9.86% （14/142） ; seventy-four wounded were rescued during the Lushan earthquake,and the mortality rate was 0%.The available rescuing space and nursing human resources were preferably expanded and distributed.Conclusions ICU plays an important role in disaster rescue,disaster nursing has become a new field and component of critical care,and the knowledge and skills of nursing in ICU nurses should be improved in a drill and practice.