性成熟期大鼠实验性精索静脉曲张对附睾显微和超微结构的影响

目的 探讨性成熟期大鼠实验性精索静脉曲张(EVC)附睾显微和超微结构的改变及其在不育中的作用。方法 部分结扎左肾静脉建立大鼠EVC模型，常规制作附睾各段光镜及电镜标本。结果 EVC大鼠附睾各段均出现程度不同且有区段特异性的损害。光镜下主要表现有间质血管充血扩张，淋巴细胞浸润、积聚，间质内出现精子肉芽肿。附睾管萎缩，上皮细胞变性，甚至出现空泡化，上皮内晕、亮细胞数明显增多；管腔内出现大量未成熟生精细胞、畸形精子等。电镜下主要表现为主细胞内溶酶体增多、变大，残余小体增加，细胞器(内质网、线粒体、高尔基复合体等)受损，部分主细胞内出现大空泡。晕细胞、亮细胞内溶酶体也增大、增多，亮细胞常膨大，游离面突入管腔。上皮细胞游离面微绒毛稀少，可见局灶性断裂和破坏。上皮基膜增厚。结论 性成熟期大鼠EVC可致附睾管上皮显微及超微结构明显改变，这可能是精索静脉曲张相关不育的一个主要原因。

THE EFFECTS OF EXPERIMENTAL VARICOCELE ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE EPIDIDYMIS IN ADOLESCENT RATS

Objective To study the microstructural and ultrastructural changes of the epididymis of experimental varicocele in adolescent rats and it's role in infertility resulting from varicocele. Methods A varicocele model was performed in adolescent Sprague Dawley rats by partially ligating the left renal vein,the different segments of the epididymides of the rats were prepared for light and electron microscopy,the microstructure and ultrastructure of the epididymis were studied. Results There were lesions of different degree and segment specific changes in the epididymis with varicocele.Light microscopically,the main changes were interstitial vascular hyperemia,lymphocytes infiltration,sperm granuloma developed in the interstitial;The structure of the columnar epithelia was anomalies,epithelial cells degeneration,even the vacuoles appeared in the epithelial cells.The number of halo and clear cells increased.Inside the cavity of the duct,there were shedding cells,macrophage,deformed sperms and residual bodies.Electron microscopically,numerous large lysosomes,the residual bodies,the defected main cellular organelles(e.g. the endoplasmic reticulum,the mitochondrion and the Golgi complex etc.)and even large clear vacuoles were presented in the cytoplasm of principal cells.Clear cells were filled with lysosomes that made them frequently bulging into the lumen.The microvilli of the columnar epithelia were sparse and showed local defects.The thickness of the basal membrane increased.Conclusion\ The experimental varicocele in adolescent rats lead to microstructure and ultrastructure lesions in the epididymis,which may be another important reason of infertility resulting from varicocele.