颅内动脉粥样硬化病理分型及影像学研究进展

目前对于动脉粥样硬化的发生发展机制尚不清楚，有多种理论学说互相补充，但均不能完全解释动脉粥样硬化的病理改变过程。颅内动脉粥样硬化是动脉粥样硬化的好发部位之一，由于其解剖学位置深、管径小、走形迂曲，活体明确颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块成分及稳定性受到了限制。越来越多研究表明准确判断颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块成分及其稳定性，对于临床治疗和鉴别诊断有重要价值。传统颅内血管影像学检查均不能满足定量、定性分析颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块，而三维高分辨磁共振成像（3D-HRMR]）作为一项新兴技术，近几年其颅内动脉管壁成像的研究备受关注，是目前唯一合适活体内分析颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块成分及斑块稳定性的检查方法。本文对目前颅内动脉粥样硬化病理分型及影像学研究进展做一综述。

Intracranial Atherosclerosis Pathology Classification and Imaging Research Progress

The development mechanism of atherosclerosis is unclear so far, several theories complement each other, but any of them cannot fully explain the pathological changes of the atherosclerotic process.Intracranial atherosclerosis is one of the high appearance part in atherosclerosis. Due to its anatomical location is deep, has small diameter and contorts the circuity, quantitative and qualitative analysis of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque in vivo are limited. More and more studies have shown that accurate judgement of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque composition and its stability, and that have important value for clinical treatment and differential diagnosis.Traditional intracranial vascular imaging examinations are lack of quantitative and qualitative analysis of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque,but 3D high resolution magnetic resonance imaging （3D-HRMRI） as an emerging technology, the intracranial arterial wall imaging research are focused in recent years, it is currently the only appropriate in vivo analysis of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque. In this paper, the current intracranial atherosclerotic pathological classification and imaging research progress were reviewed.