荆州市湖沼地区感染性钉螺成因及血吸虫病传染源调查

目的探讨荆州市湖沼地区无牛村和有牛村血吸虫病传染源与感染性钉螺形成的原因,为制定湖沼地区血吸虫病防治策略提供科学依据。方法选择湖北省公安县和监利县无牛村和有牛村有螺环境,对螺情、人畜病情、野生动物保虫宿主（鼠）感染情况、野粪污染情况等开展调查;对无牛村采用哨鼠法测定水体血吸虫感染性。采用秩相关分析对感染性钉螺与阳性野粪密度进行相关分析。结果无牛村4处环境未发现阳性野粪,哨鼠疫水测定未发现感染性;有牛村12处感染性螺点累计收集野粪374份,野粪平均密度为0.02～0.29份/100m2,阳性野粪平均密度为0～0.01份/100m2,感染性钉螺密度为0.001～0.040只/0.1m2,感染性钉螺与阳性野粪的分布地点一致,其密度相关系数无统计学意义（rs=0.1235,P〉0.05）。公安县和监利县垸内有牛村人群平均感染率分别为2.87%和1.37%,公安县垸外人群平均感染率为1.23%,未发现病牛。野鼠调查未发现血吸虫感染。结论耕牛和病人是当地血吸虫病的主要传染源,野鼠成为主要传染源的可能性较小;有牛村耕牛仍为荆州市湖沼地区感染性钉螺形成的一个重要原因。

Survey of causes of infected Oncomelania snails and infectious sources of schistosomiasis in marshland and lake region of Jingzhou City

Objective To explore the causes of infected Oncomelania snails and the sources of infection of schistosomiasis in marshland and lake regions of Jingzhou City,so as to provide the evidence for the establishment of control strategy.Methods The snail environments in villages with or without cattle in Gong ' an and Jianli counties,Hubei Province were selected,the snail status,infection status of people and livestock and wildlife reservoir host(mice),as well as the contamination status of wild faeces were survey...