脑微出血和认知障碍的研究进展

脑微出血作为脑小血管病的一种影像学标志，与认知功能障碍的关系日渐受到关注。目前
临床研究发现微出血广泛存在于正常人群以及脑血管疾病或神经变性疾病引起认知障碍的患者，进
一步研究认为微出血可能是引起认知障碍的独立危险因素，主要影响执行功能，其数量与认知障碍
呈正相关。本文对其展开综述，并简要阐述了微出血可能引起认知障碍的发病机制，可能为临床治疗
或延缓高危人群的认知衰退提供帮助。

Advances of Cerebral Microbleeds and Cognition Impairment

Cerebral microbleed （CMB）, as an imaging sign of small vascular disease, has gradually gained people＇s attention because of the correlation with cognitive impairment. Current clinical research found that CMB widely existed in healthy people and cerebrovascular or neurodegenerative patients with cognitive impairment. The further studies indicated that CMB might be an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment, and especially impaired executive function. The numbers of CMB were positively correlated with cognitive impairment. We reviewed the previous studies, and briefly introduced the inner pathological mechanisms, which may help treat or delay cognitive decline in high-risk patients.