吸烟对飞行员脑血管储备能力的影响

目的观察吸烟对飞行员脑血管储备能力的影响。方法应用经颅多普勒结合屏气实验检测现役飞行员中吸烟者及不吸烟者大脑中动脉的屏气指数(breath-holding index,BHI),收缩期峰血流速度增加率(Vs),舒张期末血流速度增加率(Vd),搏动指数(PI)下降率和阻抗指数(RI)下降率,并与不吸烟健康地面人员相比较。结果应用经颅多普勒(TCD)检测吸烟飞行员、不吸烟飞行员及不吸烟地面人员BHI分别为1.00±0.40,1.20±0.34,1.19±0.38,方差分析显示吸烟飞行员较不吸烟飞行员BHI明显减低(P<0.05),不吸烟飞行员与不吸烟健康地面人员之间BHI差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论飞行员吸烟可导致脑血管储备力减低,飞行员脑血管储备力与健康地面人员差异不明显。

Effects of Smoking on Cerebrovascular Reserve in Pilots

Objective To observe the effects of smoking on cerebrovascular reserve in pilots.Methods The pilot’s flow rate of the middle cerebral arteries were examined with Transcranial Doppler(TCD)before and after hypercapnia.The hypercapnias of subjects were produced by breath-holding.BHI,increased percentage of systolic velocity(Vs)and diastolic velocity(Vd),decreased percentage of pulsitility index(PI) and resistance index(RI) of smoking and non-smoking pilots were calculated and compared with non-smoking ground personnel.Results Examined with TCD,BHI of smoking pilots,non-smoking pilots and non-smoking ground personnel were 1.00±0.40,1.20±0.34 and 1.19±0.38 respectively.Variance analysis revealed significant difference in BHI among the 3 groups.The BHI was significantly lower in smoking pilots than that in non-smoking pilots(P<0.05),no significant difference was found between non-smoking pilots and non-smoking ground personnel(P>0.05).Conclusion Smoking is associated with a reduction in cerebrovascular reserve in pilots.There is no significant difference in cerebrovascular reserve between pilots and healthy ground personnel.