美国空军飞行人员主要疾病特许飞行统计分析

目的 了解美国空军飞行人员心血管、骨与关节、眼、精神与神经等疾病特许飞行情况.方法 以美国空军航空医学咨询部(Aeromedical Consultation Service,ACS)2015年9月发布的疾病案例数据为统计对象,按人员类别进行特许人数分析.结果 5类主要疾病统计结果 显示,心血管疾病鉴定3456例,特许2929例,占85.15%,其中FCⅡ类特许1664例,占56.81%,冠心病鉴定人数为185例,特许115例,占62.16%;眼科疾病鉴定17620例,特许14220例,占80.70%;骨与关节疾病鉴定3699例,特许2983例,占80.64%,其中FCⅡ类特许1638例,占54.36%;精神疾病鉴定4676例,特许2164例,占46.28%,情绪障碍、适应障碍、酒精滥用、焦虑症、注意力缺陷型(伴)多动症(障碍)5种疾病占鉴定的90.93%,FCⅠ类、FCⅡ类、FCⅢ类特许分别为55.41%、60.63%、45.93%;神经疾病鉴定3868例,特许2588例,占66.91%.发病率较高为头痛、创伤性脑损伤、睡眠障碍及晕厥,其中头痛鉴定1643例,特许785例,占47.78%,FCⅠ类、FCⅡ类、FCⅢ类特许分别为77.43%、76.12%、62.03%.结论 航空医学鉴定科学管理大大提升了飞行人员疾病特许的精准性,航空医学专家鉴定工作成效明显,使80%以上的患病人员返回飞行岗位,为最大化保留有作战经验的现役飞行人员,维护空军战斗力作出了贡献.

Statistical analysis of major disease waivers in the United States Air Force aircrew

Objective To review waiver progression of cardiovascular, bone and joint, ophthalmology, psychiatric and neurological disorders in the US Air Force (USAF) aircrew, and provide the information as reference to study. Method Disease waiver cases data of the Aeromedical Consultation Service (ACS) and the number of individuals in the category is analyzed as the statistical object.Results Statistical results of 5 major diseases are shown as follows: in 3456 cardiovascular submissions, 2929 (85.15%) were waived. Among them, FCⅡ accounted for 1664 (56.81%). The number of coronary heart disease was 185, waived 115 (62.16%); in 17620 ophthalmologic disease submissions, waived 14220 (80.70%); in 3699 bone and joint disease submissions, waived cases accounted for 2983 (80.64%). Among FCⅡ accounted for 1638 (54.36%); in 4676 mental illness submissions, waived cases accounted for 2164 (46.28%). 5 kinds of diseases were mood disorders, adaptive disorder, alcohol abuse, anxiety disorders, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder accounting for 90.93%, FCⅠ, FCⅡ and FCⅢ accounted for 55.41%, 60.63%, 45.93% respectively. In 3868 neurological disorder submissions, waived cases accounted for 2588 (66.91%), headache, traumatic brain injury, sleep disorders and syncope had shown high incidence. In 1643 headacheindividuals, waived cases accounted for 785 (47.78%), and FCⅠ77.43%, FCⅡ 76.12%, FCⅢ 62.03%.Conclusion Scientific management of aviation medical evaluation and identification greatly enhanced accuracy of USAF aircrew waiver, improved efficiency of Aeromedical Consulting Services obviously, maximized conservation of experienced active flight personnel. More than 80% individuals returned to active flight duty, made great contribution to maintain combat power for the USAF.