腓总神经卡压综合征的解剖学研究

目的为腓总神经卡压综合征的诊断和治疗提供解剖学资料。方法在50具成人尸体标本上对腓总神经的走行及分支位置等进行了观察和测量。结果腓总神经从坐骨神经分出至小腿之前，走行在致密的胭窝外侧沟和腓管内。胭窝外侧沟的长度为82．5±2．3mm。在腓管内，神经与腓骨颈处的骨膜紧紧相贴，腓管的长度为26．5±1．5mm，腓总神经在腓管内的长度为23．5±1．7mm。腓总神经分为腓浅神经和腓深神经位置，在进入腓管之前者占42％，在腓管内者占58％。结论致密的胭窝外侧沟，以及腓总神经在狭窄的腓管内与腓骨颈处的骨膜紧密相贴，是腓总神经容易受卡压的两处解剖学位置。

Anatomic Study of the Compression Syndromes of Common Peroneal Nerve

Objective To provide anatomical data for the diagnosis and treatment of entrapment of common peroneal nerves. Methods The line feed and the positions of the branch of the common peroneal nerve were detected on 50 sides of the lower extremities in adult cadavers. Results The common peroneal nerve is in the compact lateral sulcus of popliteal fossa before it goes penetrating into the peroneal tunnel; the length of the lateral sulcus of popliteal fossa is 82. 5±2. 3mm. In the peroneal tunnel, the common peroneal nerve closely adherent with the periosteum of the neck of fib- ula is 23.5±1.7mm, and the length of the peroneal tunnel is 26.5±1.5mm. The side of the com- mon peroneal nerve is divided into the superficial and deep peroneal nerve, 42% of which is before it goes into the peroneal tunnel,and 58% is in the peroneal tunnel. Conclusion The compact lateral sulcus of popliteal fossa and the common peroneal nerve closely adherent with the periosteum of peroneal neck in the narrow peroneal tunnel are the easily compressing anatomic side of the common peroneal nerve.