198例早中期早产临床资料分析

目的对198例早中期早产临床资料分析,探讨早期早产危险因素及早产儿结局。方法回顾性分析该院2004年1月～2006年9月收治的198例分娩孕龄28～33 6周的早中期早产活产孕妇和早产儿的临床资料,分为孕龄28～3l 6周的早期早产活产组90例,早产儿99例;孕龄32～33 6周的中型早产活产组108例,早产儿122例(出生致死性缺陷除外),进行早产原因及新生儿结局对比分析。结果早产的发生受多因素影响,早期早产组规律产检率、妊娠期体质量增加均明显低于中型早产组(P<0.05);早期早产组剖宫产率、住院天数较中型早产组明显增加(P<0.05)。早期早产组新生儿1 min和5 min Apgar低评分、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征和新生儿低钙血症发生率、NICU住院日、新生儿死亡率均明显高于或长于中型早产组(P<0.05)。结论早期早产的发生受多种因素的影响,早期早产新生儿发病率和死亡率均高;孕妇规律产检及孕期均衡营养、控制孕期体质量增长过多或过少对减少早期早产的发生具有重要的意义。

Clinical analysis of 198 cases of early-to-moderate preterm birth

Objective To investigate the related risk factors and neonatal outcomes in early preterm birth by analysis of 198 cases of early-to-moderate preterm birth. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on 198 pregnant women hospitalized during January 2004 to September 2006 with early-to-moderate preterm birth who delivered at 28 to 33 6 weeks of gestational age and their preterm infants.All of them were divided into two groups: early preterm birth group,28 to 3l 6 weeks of gestational age,n=90 for the pregnant women and n= 99 for the preterm infants;moderate preterm birth group,32 to 33 6 weeks of gestational age,n=108 for the pregnant women and n=122 for the preterm infants(fatal birth defects were excepted).The risk factors for preterm birth and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results Various factors contributed to the occurrence of preterm birth.Systemic antenatal care and weight gain during pregnancy were significantly less found in the early preterm birth group than the moderate preterm birth group(P<0.05),while the cesarean rate and hospital stay were significantly increased in the former group(P<0.05).Besides,the one-and five-min low Apgar score,the prevalence of newborn respiratory distress syndrome and hypocalcaemia,the neonatal ICU stay and the neonatal mortality rate were significantly higher and longer in the early preterm birth group than those in the moderate preterm birth group(P<0.05). Conclusion Early preterm birth,which is affected by various factors,may lead to high neonatal mortality and morbidity rates.Systemic antenatal care and balanced weight gain may decrease the prevalence of early preterm birth.