The effects of vitamin A supplementation to rats during gestation and lactation upon redox parameters: Increased oxidative stress and redox modulation in mothers and their offspring |
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| Authors: | Carlos Eduardo Schnorr,Maurilio Da Silva Morrone Maria Helena Weber,Rodrigo Lorenzi Guilherme Antô nio Behr,José Clá udio Fonseca Moreira |
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| Affiliation: | Centro de Estudos de Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Vitamin A is an essential nutrient required in adequate amounts for reproduction and development. Subtle variations in the status of maternal nutrition may affect physiological and metabolic parameters in the fetus. Evidence suggests a key role for oxidative stress in these events. Literature is controversial about the effects of vitamin A supplementation. Here, we studied the effects of vitamin A supplementation on female Wistar rats during gestation and lactation on oxidative stress parameters of maternal and offspring tissues. Rats received daily doses of vitamin A at 2500, 12,500 and 25,000 IU/kg. We observed an increase of oxidative damage markers in the reproductive tissues and plasma of dams. The activity of glutathione-S-transferase was modulated by vitamin A supplementation. It was found to be increased in the liver of dams and decreased in the kidneys of mothers and offspring. In pups, supplementation decreased the total antioxidant potential of the liver along with decreased superoxide dismutase/catalase activity ratio in the kidney. The levels of lipoperoxidation were increased in male offspring, but decreased in female pups. Collectively, the results suggest that excessive vitamin A intake during gestation and lactation might be toxic for mothers with adverse effects for the developing offspring. |
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| Keywords: | AAPH, 2,2-azobis[2-amidinopropane] ANOVA, analysis of variance AUC, area under curve CAT, catalase CDNB, chloro-dinitro benzene DNPH, dinitrophenylhidrazine DTNB, 5,5-dithionitrobis 2-nitrobenzoic acid GD, gestational day GSH, glutathione GST, glutathione S-transferase H2O2, hydrogen peroxide LD, lactation day LOAEL, low observed adverse effect level PND, postnatal day RDA, recommended dietary allowance RNS, reactive nitrogen species ROS, reactive oxygen species SOD, superoxide dismutase SVAD, subclinical vitamin A deficiency TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive species TCA, trichloroacetic acid TRAP, total reactive antioxidant potential VAD, vitamin A deficiency |
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