小儿脑瘫常见并发症的临床分析

目的：对脑瘫患儿常见并发症的发生率进行分析，为临床的早期治疗和预防提供资料。方法：脑瘫患儿108例,神经学检查评价脑瘫类型以及并发症诊断，并进行头部MRI检查、视听诱发电位检测及脑电图检测。结果：①108例中不同类型脑瘫并发症81例（75%），其中摄食困难、智力低下、语言障碍等并发症占多数。②混合型脑瘫的并发症发生率最高（90%）。③头部MRI异常率75.9%，以脑室周围白质软化症最多（45.1%）。结论：小儿脑瘫并发症严重影响患儿营养物质的摄取和体格发育，增加其融入社会的难度。早期注重婴幼儿摄食技能的发育监测，干预和改善其智能水平，促进语言发育，积极控制癫痫发作，可以降低并发症的发生率。

Clinical Analysis of Complications in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Objective: To investigate the prevalence rate of complications in children with cerebral palsy(CP).Methods:108 CP children,67 boys and 41 girls,age from 6 months to 12 years,were recruited.Their parents were interviewed for high risk factors and feeding history.Each case was assessed neurologically for type of CP and diagnosed for complications.Eighty-two cases were detected by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the brain.Results: Among 108 patients,81 cases(75%) suffered from complications,67 cases (61.7%) had intelligence retardation,72 cases(68.3%) had aphasis,21 cases(20.6%) had epilepsy,12 cases(11.4%) had hearing impediment,6 cases(4.5%) had vision impediment,89 cases(82.4%) had difficulty in intaking food,12 cases(11.7%) had nonepileptic events.The prevalence rate of complications with mixed CP was 90% and that of other type CP was from 60% to 75%.MRI abnormalities of the brain were accounted for 75.9% and periventricular leakomalacia(PVL) was more common(45.1%).Conclusion:The majority of the children with cerebral palsy had feeding problems,mental retardation and aphasis which disturbed the growth and nutritional status and threatened the physical and mental health.This study suggested that we must start timely rehabilitation and interventions which can significantly improve the levels of intelligence.And we must identify the epilepsy and nonepileptic events to avoid mistake in diagnosis.