基于体素的形态学分析唇腭裂患儿脑结构特征

目的 采用基于体素的形态学分析(VBM)方法探讨唇腭裂患儿脑结构特征.方法 在1.5 T磁共振扫描仪上采集数据,运用优化VBM方法比较10例唇腭裂患儿及10例正常对照婴幼儿的脑结构.对2组婴幼儿的灰白质密度和体积进行基于体素的双样本t检验,对比结果采用国际通用的统计参数图(SPM)表示,分析唇腭裂患儿大脑灰质密度及体积异常区域分布特征及其临床意义.结果 唇腭裂组的灰质体积在属于额上回的双侧前额叶内侧显著低于正常对照组(差异团簇体积体素个数:5220、4871,团簇水平校正后P值均小于0.05),灰质密度在左侧颞上回显著高于正常对照组(体素水平校正后P值小于0.05),脑白质密度和体积均无显著性的差异.结论 唇腭裂患儿与听觉及认知有关的皮层可能异于正常婴幼儿,应对此类患儿进行中枢听觉处理功能及认知功能的早期检查和早期干预.

Voxel-based morphometry of brain structural characteristics in children with cleft lip and/or palate

Objective To investigate the structural characteristics of brain in children with cleft lip and/or palate by voxel- based morphometry (VBM). Methods Optimized VBM (OVBM) was used to compare the data acquired on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance scanner from ten cases of cleft lip and/or palate patients and from ten normal controls. The density and volume of gray and white matters in two groups of young children were examined with two-sample t-test and displayed with the internationally accepted statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Abnormal distribution of gray and white matters in children with cleft lip and/or palate as clinically relevant was analyzed. Results Compared with normal controls, significantly smaller volume in gray matter of bilateral medial prefrontal cortex belonging to the superior frontal gyrus was noted in children with cleft lip and/or palate, (voxels of clusters with varied volume: 5220 and 4871,adjusted P＜0.05 at cluster level), as was significantly greater density in gray matter of the left superior temporal gyrus (adjusted P＜0.05 at voxel level). No significant difference in density or volume of white matter was observed between groups. Conclusion Difference may exist in cortex responsible for hearing and cognition between children with cleft lip and/or palate and normal children, suggesting the necessity for such children to be early examined and intervened for central auditory processing and cognitive functions.