胸段食管鳞癌区域淋巴结组间转移强度分析及重点淋巴结清扫

目的 分析胸段食管癌各组淋巴结的转移强度以及影响淋巴结转移的因素,为手术重点清扫提供依据.方法 对手术切除的730例食管癌患者的临床资料进行分析.结果 730例患者中,隆突下淋巴结转移15例(2.1%),食管旁淋巴结转移166例(22.7%),贲门旁淋巴结转移67例(9.2%),胃左动脉旁淋巴结转移90例(12.3%).隆突下淋巴结转移的单因素分析显示与肿瘤长度和分化程度有关(P＜0.05),多因素分析显示与各因素均无关;食管旁淋巴结转移的单因素与多因素分析均显示与肿瘤长度、侵袭程度和分化程度有关(P＜0.05);贲门旁淋巴结转移和胃左动脉旁淋巴结转移的单因素与多因素分析均显示与肿瘤位置和侵袭程度有关(P＜0.05).结论 食管癌术中行胸腹腔二野淋巴结清扫有重要的临床意义,特别应重点清扫食管旁、贲门旁和胃左动脉处淋巴结;而对一些病变未侵及食管全层、病变长度＜3 cm、胸上段或下段的食管癌患者可不做隆突下淋巴结清扫.

Analysis of lymph node metastasis in the thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: To assess the metastatic frequency in different groups of lymph nodes and its influencing factors of the thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in order to determine the extent of lymphadenectomy during esophagectomy. METHODS: The clinical data of 730 patients with ESCC who underwent esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Of 730 patients, 166 had metastasis to the para-esophageal lymph nodes (22.7%), 90 to the left gastric artery lymph nodes (12.3%), 67 to the lymph nodes around gastric cardia, and 15 to the subcrinal lymph nodes (2.1%). Univariate analysis showed that metastasis to the subcrinal lymph node was positively correlated with the length and differentiation of tumor (P < 0.05), but it was not correlated with any the above parameters when analyzed by multivariate analysis. The metastasis to the para-esophageal lymph node was positively correlated with the length, invasion depth and differentiation of tumor by univariate and multivariate analysis (P < 0.05). The metastasis to the lymph nodes around gastric cardia and metastasis to left gastric artery lymph nodes were positively correlated with the position and invasion depth of tumor by univariate and multivariate analysis (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Lymph nodes of the para-esophagus, gastric cardia and left gastric artery usually have high frequency to harber mestastasis, therefore, it was suggested that the lymph nodes in these groups should be dissected during esophagectormy with two-field lymphadenectomy for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Whereas for those patients with the lesion < 3 cm in length or with tumor invasion confined within the esophageal wall or with a lesion located at the upper or lower third of the thoracic esophagus, the subcrinal lymph nodes may not be necessarily dissected.