广州市成人哮喘患者生命质量及其影响因素研究

目的研究哮喘患者的生命质量及其影响因素。方法应用哮喘生命质量量表（AQLQ）、SF-36、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、简易应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表对广州市四所医院就诊的204例哮喘患者生命质量进行调查,通过相关分析和多元回归分析,筛选出影响哮喘患者生命质量的主要因素。结果哮喘患者的生命质量比正常对照组明显下降（P〈0.05）。多元回归分析提示,对哮喘患者生命质量影响的因素为：抑郁、病情、焦虑、病期、年龄。哮喘患者的生命质量较低,其中年老（≥50岁）、病情重的患者的生命质量更低;发作期患者生命质量低于缓解期患者;焦虑、抑郁水平越高,患者的生命质量越低。结论应根据影响哮喘患者生命质量的因素给予有针对性的护理干预,尤其注意年老、发作期和病情较重患者的护理。

Quality of Life and Related Factors in Patients with Asthma

Objective To explore the quality of life(QOL) in patients with asthma and the factors related to the QOL of patients with asthma.Methods A convenience sample of 204 patients with asthma was in terviewed in four hospitals in Guangzhou city.AQLQ,SF-36,Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-rating Depression scale(SDS),Simplified Coping Style Scale and Social support Questionnaire were used in patients with asthma.Correlation and multiple regression analysis were applied in data analysis to identify the factors which were related to the QOL of Asthma patients.Results The quality of life with asthma patients dropped remarkably(P<0.05).The factors affecting their quality of life consisted of depression,disease condition,anxiety,duration of disease and age.The asthma patients had lower quality of life,especially those older than 50 years and with severely diseases.The quality of life at on set was lower than that at developing period.Conclusion The pertinent nursing intervention should be carded out based on those factors affecting the quality of life with asthma patients,especially for those patients at old age,at on set and with severity of asthma.