普通旅客列车硬座车厢空气污染状况调查

目的为了准确掌握普通（绿皮）旅客列车硬座车厢在严重超员情况下空气质量及微小气候，以便合理制定客车超员率，确保运输安全和广大旅客身体健康。方法对1625次列车进行6次全程监测。结果旅客列车硬座车厢在严重超员时，车厢平均温度过高（26．2℃），湿度过大（61．2％），空气质量恶化，二氧化碳浓度超标率为33．30％，在冬季气候变冷，车窗都关闭的情况下，细菌总数和可吸入颗粒均超标严重，平均超标率分别为0．15％和0．49％。结论绿皮无空调列车在旅客严重超员的情况下空气污浊，细菌总数超标，氧含量减少，二氧化碳等有害气体含量增加，给某些疾病的传播提供条件。

Investigation of Air Pollution in Hard Seat Carriage of Ordinary Train

Objective] To precisely master air quality and micro - climate in hard seat carriage of ordinary train with severe overcrowding passengers, so as to formulate reasonable rate of carriage overcrowding and ensure the safety and heath of passengers. Methods]Air quality was monitored 6 times in No. 1625 train during the entire journey. Results] The average temperature in hard seat carriage of ordinary train with severe overcrowding passengers was too high（26.2℃） , humidity was too much （61.2%） , air quality was deteriorative, carbon dioxide was serious over standard（33.30% ）. The total bacterial count and respirable particles were serious over standard （0. 15% and 0.49% respectively） in the hard seat carriage of ordinary train with closed windows in cold winter. Conclusion] In hard seat carriage of ordinary train with severe overcrowding passengers without air conditioning, the air is dirty, the total bacterial count is serious over standard, oxygen content reduces, carbon dioxide and other harmful gases increases. So it may provide conditions for spreading diseases.