经鼓膜注入脂多糖诱导的大鼠分泌性中耳炎模型

目的 建立简便有效的分泌性中耳炎（otitis media with effusion,OME）动物模型.方法 经大鼠鼓膜注入脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide,LPS）后的第1、3、7日,分别采集中耳腔黏膜,用HE染色、光镜下观察中耳黏膜的病理变化及扫描电镜观察咽鼓管鼓口处中耳黏膜黏液纤毛运输系统的超微结构改变,以评估LPS诱导的大鼠OME组织病理的动态变化.结果 在造模后第1日,试验耳均可见积液,积液在第7日基本消退；光镜下可见中耳黏膜在造模后第1日达到炎症的高峰期,第7日基本恢复正常；电镜下可见咽鼓管鼓口处听泡黏膜黏液造模第1日倒伏、脱落最重,第7日时基本恢复正常.结论 鼓室内注入LPS可致中耳黏膜的炎症反应及中耳腔渗出,可为研究OME的诊断和治疗提供更简易的动物模型.

Establishment of Otitis Media with Effusion Induced by Lipopolysaccharides in Rat

Objective To establishing the rat model of otitis media with effusion （OME）. Methods The rats were inoculated with lipopolysaccharides （LPS） into the middle ear cavity through tympanic membrane. The pathologic changes of middle ear cavity and mucocilliary transporting system on the tympanic ostium eustachian tube were observed by light microscope and scan electrical microscope on days 1, 3, 7 after injecting LPS, respectively. Results Effusion were observed on day 1 after injecting LPS through tympanic membrane and disappeared after 7 days through otoscope.The pathologic changes were observed most severe on day 1 and returned to normal at 7 days under light microscope, and the impairment of mucociliary transport system such as lodging, shedding of cilias were observed on day 1 after injecting LPS and returned to normal after 7 days with scan electrical microscope. Conclusions Lipopolysaccharides （LPS） inoculated into the middle ear cavity through tympanic membrane can induce the inflammatory response and effusion of the middle ear, which can effectively establish the rat model of otitis media with effusion.