重型肝炎发病时相及临床病理特征的研究

目的　进一步探讨我国重型肝炎的发病时相及临床病理特征。方法　收集 196例临床资料完整、有肝穿刺活检和 (或 )尸检材料的重型肝炎 (SH)病例 ,其中急性重型肝炎 (ASH) 14例 ,亚急性重型肝炎 (SSH) 2 1例 ,慢性重型肝炎 (CSH) 16 1例 ,采用临床与病理观察相结合 ,辅以肝细胞与胆管细胞标志物 (ALB、CK18和CK19)及Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原单克隆抗体进行免疫组化染色 ,研究各型SH的临床 病理发病时相及组织学特点。结果　ASH、SSH和CSH的病理发病时相均值分别为 (13 4± 7 2 )d、(77 4± 6 9 3)d和 (80 5± 6 3 2 )d ,其中仅 1例HBV性ASH病理发病时相为 2 7d ,1例病原未明 ,SSH病理发病时相为 12d ,小儿ASH和SSH病理发病时相较成人相对偏短。SH病理改变为 :ASH呈一次性打击的大块性或亚大块性肝细胞坏死 ,窦壁网架不塌陷或少量非完全性塌陷 ,可出现胆管样或腺泡样肝细胞增生 ;SSH为多次打击引发的亚大块或杂以大块性肝细胞坏死 ,伴较大量小胆管及胆管样肝细胞增生 ,肝窦早期充血 ,中期塌陷 ,晚期闭塞 ,以Ⅲ型胶原为主的细胞外基质增生 ;CSH则在慢性肝病背景下呈现ASH或SSH病变 ,病理上无特殊性。结论　本组资料中ASH与SSH病理发病时相与中国2 0 0 0年病毒性肝炎防治方案中临床发病时相的划分基本吻合 ,但少数病例

Cut-off period of subclassification and pathological features of severe hepatitis based on clinical and pathological analyses

BACKGROUND: To explore the cut-off period of subclassification and pathological features of severe hepatitis (SH). METHODS: Based on combined clinical and pathological analyses, the complete clinical and biopsy or autopsy liver tissues data from 196 cases of patients with severe hepatitis were investigated. Meanwhile, proliferative hepatocytes, cholangioepithelia and collagens were identified by a panel of monoclonal antibodies such as those against albumin, cytokeratin 18,19 and collagen I, III with immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: The clinical and pathological analyses indicated the cut-off periods of acute, subacute and chronic SH (ASH,SSH and CSH) were (13.4+/-7.2) d, (77.4+/-69.3) d and (80.5+/-63.2) d, respectively. Among all SH cases, one case of ASH patient presented clinical manifestation and pathological changes of ASH for 21 days, however, one patient with SSH was demonstrated 12 day course by histological examination. The time of cut-off period between ASH and SSH in child cases was shorter than that in adult cases. Histologically, ASH liver tissues showed massive and/or submassive necrosis caused by one attack, with congestive sinusoid frameworks and proliferative cholangioepithelium-like hepatocytes, while SSH liver tissues presented combined fresh and old submassive or massive necrosis caused by multiple attacks, accompanied by obviously proliferative bile ducts and sinusoid framework collapse.However, the pathological changes of CSH showed ASH- or SSH-like lesions on the background of chronic liver injury. CONCLUSION: Our data indicated that the cut-off period between ASH and SSH is in accordance with the Scheme of Viral Hepatitis Prevention and Therapy, China, published in 2000, but excluded a part of child SH cases. In our study, the authors found a few pathological features in ASH and SSH.