临床精神科护理不良事件的认知现状及其应对措施

目的 调查临床精神科护理不良事件的认知现状，并给予应对措施。方法 对2013年1～12月重庆三峡中心医院平湖分院各科室上报的护理不良事件或安全隐患进行回顾性统计分析，按照发生原因进行分类，对不良事件发生的一般情况进行统计，包括患者的年龄、性别、病程、住院次数、病种、用药方式等患者因素及护龄、学历、职称等护士因素，分析各方面与不良事件发生的相关性，并制订相应的防范措施。结果 护理不良事件的分类及其发生情况调查显示．跌倒（50％）、患者丢失财物（45％）、医疗设施损坏（45％）、给药错误（39％）、护患纠纷（38％）、攻击行为（37％）、药品交接错误（36％）所占比例较大。患者一般情况与护理不良事件关系的单因素分析结果 显示，不同年龄、病程、病种、用药方式患者间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而性别、住院次数与不良事件的发生关系不大，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。护士方面，不同护龄、学历、职称护士间护理不良事件发生率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 应加强护理安全，提高护士的职业素质，加强护患沟通，以患者为中心，以质量为核心，实现护理管理规范化、程序化和科学化，降低护理不良事件的发生率对于保证护理安全至关重要。

Cognitive status and its countermeasures of adverse events in clinical psychiatric nursing

Objective To investigate cognitive status of adverse events in clinical psychiatric nursing, and give the corresponding countermeasures. Methods Nursing adverse events or potential safety hazard in each department of Pinghu Branch, Chongqing Three Gorges Center Hospital from January to December 2013 were reported and retrospectively statistically analyzed. Nursing adverse events classified according to the causes, and the general situation of adverse events was analyzed, including patient＇s age, gender, duration, hospitalization time, disease category, medication and other factors and curing duration, education background, professional title. Then the corresponding preventive measures were formulated. Results The survey of classification and occurrence of nursing adverse events showed that fall （50%）, patient loss of property （45%）, medical facilities damaged （45%）, medication error （39%）, nurse-patient disputes （38%）, aggressive behavior （37%）, drug delivery errors （36%） were accounted for the larger proportion. Single factor analysis of relationship between patients＇ general condition and nursing adverse events showed that the adverse events occurrence of patients with different age, duration, disease category, medication had statistically significant difference （P 〈 0.05）, while gender, hospitalization time had no significant difference （P 〉 0.05）. In the aspect of nurse, the adverse events occurrence of nurses with different curing duration, education background, professional title had statistically significant difference （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion It should strengthen the nursing safety, improve the comprehensive quality of nurses, strengthen nurse-patient communication, and take patients as the center, take quality as the core, realize the nursing management standardization, routinization and scientization. Reducing the incidence rato of nursing adverse events is important to ensure the safety of nursing.