老年发热患者病因特点分析

目的分析复旦大学附属华东医院（以下简称“我院”）发热门诊患者中年龄≥60岁老年人发热的流行病学特征，为疾病的预防和治疗提供科学依据。方法回顾性研究2013年4～5月禽流感三级防控期间．于我院发热门诊就诊年龄≥60岁老年患者193例（老年组）及同期年龄15～〈60岁非老年患者438例（非老年组）的上呼吸道感染（上感）、肺部感染、急性扁桃体炎三种发热常见病因患病情况，并进行对比分析。结果老年组患者中，确诊为上感、肺部感染和急性扁桃体炎的分别为102例（52．85％）、74例（38．34％）和5例（2．59％）：非老年组患者中，确诊为上感、肺部感染和急性扁桃体炎分别为276例（63．01％）、97例（22．15％）和49例（11．19％）；经统计学分析，两组间发热由上感、肺部感染、急性扁桃体炎引起的比例差异有高度统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。与非老年组比较，老年组肺部感染率升高16．19％，上感及急性扁桃体炎发病率分别降低10．16％以及8．51％。结论上海市年龄≥60岁的老年人发热病情较重．需倍加重视。

Etiological study of fever in elderly patients

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of elderly patients aged ≥ 60 in Fever Outpatients of Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University （＂our hospital＂ for short）, in order to provide scientific basis for disease prevention and cure. Methods The clinical data of prevalence of fever common causes that upper respiratory infection （URI）, pulmonary infection, acute tonsillitis in 193 cases of elderly patients aged≥ 60 （elderly patient group） and non-elderly patients aged 15- 〈 60 （non-elderly patient group） during the tertiary prevention and control of bird flu from April to May 2013 in Fever Outpatients of our hospital were analyzed retrospectively, and the two groups were compared. Results In elderly patient group, there were 102 cases （52.85%）, 74 cases （38.34%） and 5 cases （2.59%） di- agnosed with URI, pulmonary infection, acute tonsillitis, which were 276 cases （63.01%）, 97 cases （22.15%） and 49 cas- es （11.19%） in the non-elderly patient group, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.01）. Compared with non-elderly patients, the pulmonary infection incidence in elderly patients increased with 16.19%, while the incidence of URI and acute tonsillitis decreased with 10.16% and 8.51%, respectively. Conclusion Fever condition in elderly pa- tients aged≥60 in Shanghai City is severe, they need more attention.