呼吸内科病区噪声的监测与分析

目的 了解呼吸内科病区的噪声状况,为控制病房噪声,采取干预措施提供参考.方法 应用噪声测量仪连续动态测量呼吸内科病区72 h的每小时等效声级、最大声级、最小声级及各种噪声源的A声级.结果 呼吸内科病区昼间与夜间噪声强度都超过规定标准,其中护士站的等效声级高于病房,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.交流说话声、呼叫声、电视机及收音机播放声、吸痰声、输液架及床护栏碰撞声等噪声源均超过80 dB,成为呼吸内科病区的主要噪声来源.在设置相同床位数的基础上,有危重患者的病房噪声水平高于无危重患者的病房;在普通病房中,3人间、4人间病房的噪声水平高于2人间,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 呼吸内科病区的噪声水平超过我国和WHO规定的标准,存在有多种来源的噪声.护士站、危重患者和床位数设置较多的病房应作为噪声控制的重点对象.

Investigation and analysis of noise in Respiratory Medical Ward

Objective To assess the noise condition in Respiratory Medical Ward,to provide basis for the control and intervention of ward noise.Methods The value of noise in Respiratory Medical Ward was measured by noise monitors in 72 hours continuously.The equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level （Leq）,maximum sound level （Lmax）,minimum sound level （Lmin） and kinds of noise were recorded per hour.Results The noise levels in Respiratory Medical Ward were higher than the standards in both daytime and nighttime.The noise levels of nurse station were higher than that of the wards,there were significant differences between nurses station and wards （P ＜ 0.05）.The mainly sources of noises in Respiratory Medical Ward came from conversation,call bell,television and radio broadcast,sputum suction apparatus,clash of infusion support and bed guard.The value of noises in these were above 80 dB.The noise levels of ward for critically ill patients were higher than that of the wards for non-critically ill patients,and the noise levels of ward for 3 or 4 patients were higher than that of ward for 2 patients,there were significant differences （P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusion Noise level of Respiratory Medical Wards is higher than standard level of WHO and China.There are several kinds of noise in Respiratory Medical Ward.The noise pollution of wards is serious,especially in critically ill patients ward,nurse station and the ward for more than 2 patients.So the relevant departments of hospital should pay attention to take effective measures to reduce the noise of the wards.