中医养生丹术非物质文化遗产保护的意义

中医养生丹术包括内丹术和外丹术,是古代方技中神仙家追求长生不老过程中积累的养生实践经验和学术成果。神仙家学术在秦汉时期兴盛繁荣的同时,也遭受了焚书坑儒、独尊儒术的打击,被视为"怪力乱神"而游离于中医之外,后来分化为内、外丹术,隐迹民间和山林,从而被划入道教学术范畴,至今已面临濒危消亡的境地,亟待保护。由于中医养生丹术是中医学术的重要组成部分,承载了古代生命认知知识和传统养生学术的精华,将中医养生丹术作为非物质文化遗产予以保护不仅有利于中医养生学术得到全面保护、传承、发展和创新,而且有利于人体生命科学的研究和人类寿命的延长,凸显中医养生丹术本有的医学内涵及价值,造福于未来人类健康。

Study on TCM health promotion alchemy with an urgent need of protection

TCM health promotion alchemy,consisting of internal alchemy and external alchemy,is practical experience in health promotion and academic achievements as accumulated by believers of immortals good at ancient’Fangshu’in the pursuit of immortality.The thoughts of believers of immortals were blooming during Qin and Han Dynasties while being depressed by the campaign of’burning books and burying Confucian scholars,and exclusively advocating Confucianism’,so they were labeled as’extraordinary things,feats of strength,disorder,and spiritual beings’,separated from TCM,and later split into internal and external alchemy which were hidden among the folk and forests.They have long been included in the domain of the Daoism and are close to extinction,so it is urgent to protect them.TCM health promotion alchemy,as an essential part of TCM academy,carries the knowledge on life cognition in the ancient times and the essence of traditional health promotion methods.To protect TCM health promotion alchemy as intangible cultural heritage will be conducive not only to the comprehensive protection,passing,development and innovation of thoughts of health promotion through TCM,but also to research on human life science and extension of life expectancy of human beings.It will also help highlight the inherent medical content and value of TCM health promotion alchemy,benefiting the human health in the future.