新疆汉、维吾尔、哈萨克族慢性心力衰竭流行病学调查及其患病率研究

目的 了解新疆成年人慢性心力衰竭(心衰)的患病率和分布特征.方法 应用四阶段整群随机抽样法,在全疆23个市、7个地区、5个自治州抽取乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市、阜康市、吐鲁番地区、和田地区、伊犁哈萨克自治州等6个地区年龄在35岁以上样本,男女均衡.统计不同民族组、不同年龄组、不同性别组人群的心衰患病率,并对心衰患者合并心血管基础疾病进行分析.结果 共抽样35岁以上城市及农村游牧居民8459例,心衰患病率为1.26%;其中汉族为0.89%,维吾尔族为1.11%,哈萨克族为2.14%.男性为1.61%,女性为0.93%,男性患病率高于女性(u=2.79,P<0.05).35～44岁、45～54岁、55～64岁、65～74岁、75岁以上各年龄组的心衰患病率分别为0.29%、0.60%、1.32%、2.55%、4.10%,随着年龄增高,心衰发生的风险显著上升.107例心衰患者中合并高血压病者占63.55%,冠心病者占42.99%,糖尿病者占18.69%,心瓣膜病者占5.61%,心房颤动者占4.67%.结论 新疆心衰患病率较高,随年龄增加呈增多趋势,且存在民族差异.高血压病、冠心病、糖尿病为新疆各民族心衰患者共同合并心血管基础疾病.通过对新疆不同人群心衰的流行病学监测和调查,寻找适合新疆人文地域特点的心衰早期诊断方法和干预模式具有重大现实意义.

Incidence and distributing feature of chronic heart failure in adult population of Xinjiang

Objective To investigate the prevalence and distributing feature of chronic heart failure (CHF) in adult population of Xinjiang. Methods Four-stage random sampling method was used to analyze the prevalence and distributing feature of self-reported congestive heart failure among different nationalities in adult (35 years and over) population of Xinjiang. Sampling was collected from 6 localities ( Urumqi, Kelamayi, Fukang, Turfan Basin, Hetian, Yili Hazakh). Results A total of 8459 adults were surveyed. The prevalence of CHF was 1.26% in this cohort The prevalence of CHF was 0.89% , 1. 11% and 2. 14% * in Han, Uygur and Hazakh population, respectively ( * P <0. 05 vs. Han and Uygur). The risk of CHF was higher in the males than in the females ( 1. 61% vs. 0. 93% , u = 2. 79, P < 0. 05 ) . The prevalence of CHF increased in proportion with aging and was 0. 29% , 0. 60% , 1. 32% , 2. 55% and 4. 10% in 35 - 44, 45 - 54, 55 - 64, 65 - 74, 75 years and over age groups, respectively. Common complications of CHF were hypertension ( 63. 55% ), coronary heart disease ( 42. 99% ) , diabetes (18.69%), valvular heart disease (5.61%) and atrial fibrillation (4.67%). Conclusion The prevalence of CHF in Xinjiang was higher than the average level in China (0. 9% ) and was the highest in the Hazakh population.